配比施肥对‘聊红’椿幼苗生长及光合特性的影响  

Effects of Ratio Fertilization on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Ailanthus altissima‘Liaohong'Seedlings

作　　者：王沛然 张家林 高祥斌[1] 涂佳才[1] WANG PeiRan;ZHANG JiaLin;GAO XiangBing;TU JiaCai(College of Agronomy and agricultural engineering,Liaocheng University,Liaocheng Shandong 252059)

机构地区：[1]聊城大学农学与农业工程学院,山东聊城252059

出　　处：《山东林业科技》2024年第2期30-36,7,共8页Journal of Shandong Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GNC21410);聊城大学科研项目(318011903);聊城大学大学生创新训练计划项目(CXCY2022425);聊城大学风景园林学科建设基金(319462212)。

摘　　要：为探究氮磷钾配比施肥对‘聊红’椿幼苗生长及光合特性的影响,以一年生‘聊红’椿幼苗为试验材料,采用L16(43)正交设计进行盆栽试验,旨在为‘聊红’椿幼苗的科学施肥提供参考依据。结果表明,T9组的各生长指标、质量指数及叶片的叶绿素含量、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)和胞间CO_(2)浓度(Ci)均为各处理组中的最大值,T7组的蒸腾速率(Tr)为各处理组中的最大值。氮肥对幼苗各生长指标和光合指标有极显著影响,对苗木质量指数有显著影响。钾肥对净光合速率、气孔导度和胞间CO_(2)浓度有极显著影响,对叶面积、地下生物量、总叶绿素含量和叶绿素a含量有显著影响。磷肥对叶面积、气孔导度和蒸腾速率有显著影响。氮磷钾三因素对株高、地径、叶面积、地上生物量、总生物量、质量指数、总叶绿素、叶绿素a含量、净光合速率、气孔导度和胞间CO_(2)浓度的影响效应为N>K>P,对叶绿素b含量和蒸腾速率的影响效应为N>P>K,对地下生物量的影响效应为K>N>P。经隶属函数分析后可知T9组(氮肥6 g/株,磷肥3 g/株,钾肥4.5 g/株)为最佳施肥方案。In order to explore the effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium ratio fertilization on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Ailanthus altissima‘Liaohong'seedlings,one-year-old Ailanthus altissima‘Liaohong'seedlings were used as experimental materials,and L_(16)(4~3)orthogonal design was used for pot experiment,aiming to provide reference for scientific fertilization of Ailanthus altissima‘Liaohong'seedlings.The results showed that the growth index,quality index,chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs)and intercellular CO_2 concentration(Ci)of T9 group were the maximum values in each treatment group,and the transpiration rate(Tr)of T7 group was the maximum value in each treatment group.Nitrogen fertilizer had a very significant effect on the growth index and photosynthetic index of seedlings,and had a significant effect on the quality index of seedlings.Potassium fertilizer had a very significant effect on net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and intercellular CO_2 concentration,and had a significant effect on leaf area,underground biomass,total chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a content.Phosphorus fertilizer had significant effects on leaf area,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate.The effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium on plant height,ground diameter,leaf area,aboveground biomass,total biomass,mass index,total chlorophyll,chlorophyll a content,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and intercellular CO_2 concentration were N>K>P,the effects on chlorophyll b content and transpiration rate were N>P>K,and the effects on underground biomass were K>N>P.According to the analysis of the membership function,the T9 group(nitrogen fertilizer 6 g/plant,phosphate fertilizer 3 g/plant,potassium fertilizer 4.5 g/plant)was the best fertilization scheme.

关 键 词：‘聊红’椿 配比施肥 生长 光合特性 

分 类 号：S718.45[农业科学—林学]