2种砧木嫁接对山核桃幼苗生长及光合特性的影响  

Effects of 2 Different Rootstocks on the Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Carya cathayensis Grafted Seedlings

作　　者：季琳琳[1] 韩文妍[1] 陈素传[1] 吴志辉 JI Linlin;HAN Wenyan;CHEN Suchuan;WU Zhihui(Anhui Academy of Forestry,Hefei 230088,Anhui,China;Forestry Development Center of Ningguo City,Xuancheng 242300,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省林业科学研究院,安徽合肥230088 [2]宁国市林业事业发展中心,安徽宣城242300

出　　处：《安徽林业科技》2024年第2期16-19,23,共5页Anhui Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(编号:202204c06020001)。

摘　　要：本文开展了2种砧木嫁接山核桃幼苗的生长及光合特性比较分析,为筛选更适宜的山核桃嫁接砧木提供参考。结果表明:以薄壳山核桃为砧木的山核桃嫁接苗成活率达到90.26%,极显著高于湖南山核桃砧木嫁接苗;湖南山核桃砧木嫁接苗苗高、地径、叶片数等指标极显著高于薄壳山核桃砧木嫁接苗。2种砧木嫁接的山核桃苗P_(n)存在极显著差异,G_(s)存在显著差异,C_(i)、T_(r)、WUE等各指标值差异不显著,qP、NPQ及F_(v)/F_(m)存在极显著差异。湖南山核桃砧木嫁接苗P_(n)与G_(s)呈显著性正相关,而薄壳山核桃砧木嫁接苗P_(n)与G_(s)呈负相关。薄壳山核桃砧木嫁接苗成活率显著高于湖南山核桃砧木嫁接苗,但湖南山核桃砧木嫁接苗长势更好。薄壳山核桃砧木嫁接苗P_(n)显著高于湖南山核桃砧木嫁接苗,光合能力较强,蒸腾速率较高,水分利用率高,且薄壳山核桃砧木嫁接苗耗散过剩光能热量、适应干旱天气能力较强,具有较高的光保护能力,在育苗中应保证充足的光照及水分供给;而湖南山核桃砧木嫁接苗苗期建议搭建遮阳网进行适度遮蔽。In this paper,a comparative analysis was made on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics ofCarya cathayensis grafted seedlings with 2 different rootstocks to provide reference for screening out more suitable rootstocks forCarya cathayensis grafting propagation.The results showed that the survival rate of Carya cathayensis grafted seedlings with C.illinoensis as the rootstock reached 90.26%,extremely significantly higher than those with C.hunanensis as the rootstock.The index including seedling height,basal diameter,number of leaves of the latter ones were extremely significantly higher than the former ones.There were extremely significant differences in Pn,qP,NPQ and F_(v)/F_(m),significantly differences in G_(s)and less significant differences in C_(i),T_(r)and WUE between the 2 types of grafted seedlings.There was positive correlation between P_(n)and G_(s)in the grafted seedlings with C.hunanensis as the rootstock and negative correlation between them with C.illinoensis as the rootstock.The survival rate of the grafted seedling with C.illinoensis as the rootstock was significantly higher than those with C.hunanensis as the rootstock,but the latter grew better.The Pn of the grafted seedlings with C.illinoensis as the rootstock was than that with C.hunanensis as the rootstock,with higher photosynthetic capacity,transpiration rate and water use efficiency,dissipating surplus solar energy and heat,adaptable to dry weather and having higher photoprotective capability,which requires sufficient light and water in raising the grafted seedlings,while appropriate shading is needed for raising the grafted seedlings with C.hunanensis as the rootstock.

关 键 词：山核桃 砧木 嫁接苗 光合特性 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]