毫米波大气臭氧探测辐射计系统设计  

System Design of Millimeter Wave Atmospheric Ozone Radiometer

作　　者：班磊 何杰颖 张升伟 BAN Lei;HE Jieying;ZHANG Shengwei(Key Laboratory of Microwave Remote Sensing,National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家空间科学中心微波遥感技术重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《空间科学学报》2024年第2期318-325,共8页Chinese Journal of Space Science

基　　金：中国科学院青年交叉团队项目资助(JCTD-2021-10)。

摘　　要：平流层臭氧浓度对于地球气候变化和生态环境有着重要影响.具有谱分析能力的高光谱毫米波辐射计是一种用来探测大气痕量气体的被动式微波遥感器,能够有效探测大气臭氧垂直廓线,在空间地球科学领域中具有十分重要的应用价值.本文研制了一种探测平流层大气臭氧吸收谱线的新型高光谱毫米波臭氧辐射计系统,该系统结构包括射频接收机和数字后端谱分析仪.射频接收机部分采用超外差结构获取142.175 GHz±100 MHz带宽信号,数字后端谱分析部分采用高性能模数转换器对输入模拟信号进行5×108 sample·s^(–1)采样,14 bit量化,输入信号3 dB带宽200 MHz,通过高性能现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)获取信号功率谱,实现了探测通道数16384,谱分辨率12.2 kHz.根据辐射计系统关键模块的设计方案、器件选型和测试方法,开展大气探测实验,并将实验结果与大气辐射传输模拟软件(ARTS)仿真结果进行对比,得出系统灵敏度及各项指标可以满足大气臭氧反演需求,验证了系统设计的正确性,满足平流层臭氧浓度监测、预警及其导致的气候变化研究的应用需求.Stratospheric ozone concentration has an important impact on global climate change and ecological environment.Hyperspectral millimeter wave radiometer with spectral analysis capability is a passive microwave remote sensor used to detect atmospheric trace gases.It can effectively detect the ver-tical profile of atmospheric ozone and has very important application value in the field of space earth sci-ence.In this paper,a new hyperspectral millimeter wave ozone radiometer system for detecting strato-spheric ozone absorption lines is developed.The system structure includes RF receiver and digital spec-trum analyzer.The RF receiver part uses a superheterodyne structure to obtain a 142.175 GHz±100 MHz bandwidth signal.The digital spectrum analysis part uses a high-performance analog-to-digital converter to sample the input analog signal at 5×108 sample·s^(–1).The quantization bit is 14 bit and the 3 dB band-width of the input signal is 200 MHz.The signal power spectrum is obtained by high-performance Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA),and the number of detection channels is 16384,and the spectral res-olution reached 12.2 kHz.This paper introduces the design scheme,device selection and test method of the key modules of the radiometer system.It is concluded that the system sensitivity and various indica-tors can meet the requirements of atmospheric ozone inversion,and the correctness of the system design is verified by conducting atmospheric detection experiments and comparing the experimental results with the simulation results of Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulation Software(ARTS).The radiometer system meets the application requirements of stratospheric ozone concentration monitoring,early warn-ing and climate change research.

关 键 词：臭氧 毫米波辐射计 射频接收机 FPGA 

分 类 号：TP73[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]