钙结合双酵母对苹果采后青霉病诱导抗性机制  

The Mechanism of Induced Resistance of Calcium Combined with Double Yeast to Postharvest Apple Penicilliosis

作　　者：蔺楠 胡俊月 丛龙美 杜静婷 施俊凤 张立新 LIN Nan;HU Junyue;CONG Longmei;DU Jingting;SHI Junfeng;ZHANG Lixin(School of Food Science and Engineering,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学食品科学与工程学院,山西太原030031

出　　处：《食品研究与开发》2024年第10期84-92,共9页Food Research and Development

基　　金：山西省自然科学研究面上项目(20210302123422);山西省重点研发计划项目(202102140601017);山西省现代农业产业技术体系(果树)建设专项资金(2023CYJSTX07-021);山西农业大学科技创新提升工程项目(CXGC2023033)。

摘　　要：水果含有丰富的营养物质,但其在采后贮藏或运输期易发生侵染性病害而导致果肉腐烂和品质下降,造成严重的经济损失。为筛选抑制效果最佳的CaCl_(2)浓度并探究其与双酵母最佳结合浓度下对苹果果实的抗性诱导机制,该文通过体外接种实验确定添加CaCl_(2)后的最佳培养时间为24 h;体内实验表明不同浓度CaCl_(2)诱导双酵母对苹果青霉病均有抑制效果,其中2.0%CaCl_(2)抑制效果最佳;通过在苹果伤口及表面处的生长动态发现2.0%CaCl_(2)可促进双酵母迅速定殖;2.0%CaCl_(2)诱导后可以显著提高苹果中苯丙烷代谢相关酶、活性氧代谢相关酶活性和物质含量。相较对照和使用双酵母复配,CaCl_(2)处理能够增强拮抗酵母的生防效力,一方面可以促进拮抗酵母的生长和定殖,另一方面可以降低果实的发病率并增强果实的抗病性。Fruits contain abundant nutrients,but they are prone to infectious diseases during postharvest stor-age or transportation,resulting in pulp decay and quality decline,causing serious economic losses.In this study,in order to screen the optimal concentration of CaCl_(2)for inhibitory effect and explore the resistance in-duction mechanism on apple fruit under its optimal binding concentration with double yeast,the optimal cul-ture time after adding CaCl_(2)was determined to be 24 h by the inoculation experiment in vitro.In vivo experi-ment,it was determined that different concentrations of CaCl_(2)induced double yeast had inhibitory effect on apple penicilliosis,of which 2.0%CaCl_(2)had the best inhibitory effect.Through the growth dynamics of apple wound and surface,it was found that 2.0%CaCl_(2)could promote the rapid colonization of double yeast.2.0%CaCl_(2)induction could significantly increase the activities and substance contents of enzymes related to phenyl-propane metabolism and active oxygen metabolism in apples.Compared with the control and the use of double yeast compound,CaCl_(2)treatment could enhance the biocontrol effect of antagonistic yeast.On the one hand,it can promote the growth and colonization of antagonistic yeast;on the other hand,it can reduce the incidence of fruit and enhance the disease resistance of fruit.

关 键 词：苹果 青霉病 拮抗酵母 生物防治 抗性相关酶 

分 类 号：TS255.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]