自愈合形状记忆聚氨酯复合材料的制备与性能  

Preparation and Properties of Shape Memory Polyurethane Composites with Self-Healing Capability

作　　者：王新玲[1] 祝凯 陈建 程小鹏 倪海亮 WANG Xin-ling;ZHU Kai;CHEN Jian;CHENG Xiao-peng;NI Hai-liang(Chengdu Aeronautic Polytechnical School,Sichuan 610000,China;Chengdu Industrial Vocational and Technical College,Chengdu 610068,China;Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610068,China)

机构地区：[1]成都航空职业技术学院,四川成都610000 [2]成都工业职业技术学院,四川成都610068 [3]四川师范大学,四川成都610068

出　　处：《塑料科技》2024年第4期33-38,共6页Plastics Science and Technology

基　　金：成都市哲学社会科学重点研究基地——成都航空产业发展与文化建设研究中心项目(CAIACDRCXM2024-62)。

摘　　要：为实现材料功能的多元化,延长材料的使用寿命及发挥材料自身的优异性能,以弹性聚氨酯(EPU)作为基体,以热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)作为转变相,根据EPU和TPU的比例不同,制备了一系列具有自愈合功能的形状记忆EPU-TPU复合材料。通过核磁共振(NMR)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)以及万能试验机对原材料和复合材料的结构、热学性能、力学性能、形状记忆性能进行测试与表征,并分析了复合材料的自愈合性能及自愈合机理。结果表明:EPU-TPU(3∶7)的形状记忆效应最好,其固定率为100%,回复率达到了98.9%,从卷曲的临时形状回复到初始的纸条状,用时258 s,热响应较快。EPU-TPU(3∶7)和EPU-TPU(2∶8)还表现出较好的自愈合能力,愈合后的应变达到600%左右。In order to achieve diversification of material functions,extend the service life of materials,and develop the excellent properties of materials themselves,this paper takes elastic polyurethane(EPU)as the matrix and thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU)as the transition phase,a series of shape memory EPU-TPU composites with self-healing function were prepared based on the different proportions of EPU and TPU.The structure,thermal properties,mechanical properties,and shape memory properties of the raw materials and composites were tested and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),and a universal testing machine.The self-healing performance and self-healing mechanism of composites were analyzed.The results show that the shape memory effect of EPU-TPU(3∶7)is the best,with a fixed rate of 100%and a recovery rate of 98.9%.It takes more than 258 s to recover from the temporary curled shape to the initial strip shape,with fast thermal response.In addition,EPU-TPU(3∶7)and EPU-TPU(2∶8)also show good self-healing ability,with the strain after healing reaching about 600%.

关 键 词：弹性 热塑性 聚氨酯 自愈合 形状记忆 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]