车用动力电池存储中热失控预警防控技术研究  

Research on early warning prevention and control technology of vehicle power battery pack storage process

作　　者：许磊 郑伟 赵兵 Xu Lei;Zheng Wei;Zhao Bing(Shenyang Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM,Liaoning Shenyang 110034,China)

机构地区：[1]应急管理部沈阳消防研究所,辽宁沈阳110034

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2024年第5期743-749,共7页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB2402002);国家消防救援局重点科技计划项目(2022XFZD11)。

摘　　要：为了研究一种车用动力电池包存储中热失控火灾预警防控方法的效用,通过开展车用动力电池包的真实试验和模拟仿真,分析热失控火灾早期征兆信号序列的显著性,并研究电池包火灾蔓延扩散中附近温度分布情况。结果表明:采用FDS模拟仿真的方式能够实现对车用动力电池包存储中热失控火灾的有效模拟,其热释放速率和烟气蔓延过程同试验过程近似,通过模拟模组级热失控场景下的温度场分布可知,通过有效分隔措施可将火势控制在箱体隔层内部,不会造成其他空间的造成严重灾害;试验测试不同传感器响应情况,通过32.8 kHz超声传感器能较早采集到电池热失控状态,时间显著早于图像、烟雾传感器,且在相对封闭空间超声传感器探测效果较为显著。In order to study the thermal runaway fire process of the vehicle power battery pack storage device,which is along with early-warning and prevention ability.The significance of the early warning signal sequence of thermal runaway fire was ana-lyzed through real tests and simulation of the vehicle power bat-tery pack,and the temperature distribution near the spread and spread of the battery pack fire was studied.The results show that:The FDS simulation method can effectively simulate the thermal runaway fire in the storage of vehicle power battery pack.The heat release rate and the smoke spreading process are similar to the test process.Through the simulation of the temperature field distribution in the modular thermal runaway scenario,the fire can be controlled in the compartment of the box through effective separation measures and will not affect other spaces and cause se-rious disasters.The response of different sensors was tested.The 32.8 kHz ultrasonic sensor still collected the thermal runaway state of the battery earlier,significantly earlier than the image and smoke sensors,and the ultrasonic sensor had a more significant detection effect in a relatively closed space.

关 键 词：车用动力电池 气体探测 防火分隔 超声探测 FDS模拟 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]