回波主动抑制的次级水声发射单元设计与优化  

Design and Optimization of Secondary Underwater Acoustic Emission Unit for Active Echo Suppression

作　　者：王文杰 杨龙[1] 赵旭 WANG Wenjie;YANG Long;ZHAO Xu(School of Aerospace Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学宇航学院,北京100081

出　　处：《兵工学报》2024年第5期1472-1481,共10页Acta Armamentarii

摘　　要：水下航行器的传统涂覆层主要依赖于材料更新及结构优化,难以应对低频主动声波探测。基于超磁致伸缩材料设计一款轻质、薄型、耐高压的低频宽带水声发射单元,着重分析核心部件的设计优化过程,并由PSV-400激光测振仪验证有限元仿真结果。对辐射面板固定方式的模态进行分析,确定主动发射单元的最优边界约束条件。与原始构型的发射单元性能进行对比发现:在水声发射保持良好指向性的前提下,基于有限元分析2000 Hz以下的最高共振频率降低超过10%;基于声振耦合分析主动发射单元在低频范围内辐射声源级最大为147.48 dB,提高4.65%;发射单元声源级高于100 dB的频率带宽超过1500 Hz,且声功率级更高。该发射单元可为后期阵列式应用于大尺度声学覆盖层提供技术支持,具有一定的学术研究价值与广阔的工程应用前景。Traditional coating layer for underwater vehicles mainly depend on material renewal and structure optimization,which is difficult to cope with low-frequency active sonar detection.A lightweight,thin and low-frequency broadband underwater acoustic emission unit with high pressure resistance is designed based on the giant magnetostrictive material.The design and optimization process of the core components are analyzed emphatically,and the finite element simulation results are verified by the PSV-400 laser vibriometer.The optimal boundary constraints of the active emitting element are determined through the modal analysis of a fixed radiation panel.Compared with the performance of the emission unit in the original configuration,it is found that,under the premise of maintaining good directivity of underwater acoustic emission,the highest resonance frequency below 2000 Hz is reduced by more than 10%based on the finite element analysis.Based on the acoustic structure coupling analysis,the maximum radiation source level of active emission unit in the low frequency range is 147.48 dB,which is increased by 4.65%.The frequency bandwidth of transmitting unit exceeds 1500 Hz when the sound source level is higher than 100 dB.This means that there is a higher sound power level in this frequency bandwidth range.The emission unit can provide technical support for the application of array in the large-scale acoustic cladding.It has certain academic research value and broad engineering application prospect.

关 键 词：回波主动抑制 主动发射单元 超磁致伸缩材料 最优边界 低频宽带 

分 类 号：TB56[交通运输工程—水声工程]