2020-2021年麻栗坡县人民医院临床检出病原菌特点及耐药性分析  

Analysis of the Characteristics and Drug Resistance of Clinically Detected Pathogens in Malipo County People's Hospital from 2020 to 2021

作　　者：杨发林 贾丛林 王加勇[2] YANG Fa-lin;JIA Cong-lin;WANG Jia-yong(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Malipo Country People's Hospital,Malipo 663600,Yunnan,China;Department of Blood Transfusion,Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University,Shanghai 200065,China)

机构地区：[1]麻栗坡县人民医院检验科,云南麻栗坡663600 [2]同济大学附属同济医院输血科,上海200065

出　　处：《医学信息》2024年第11期47-51,共5页Journal of Medical Information

摘　　要：目的探讨云南省麻栗坡县人民医院临床检出病原菌的构成特点及耐药性,为临床合理应用抗生素提供依据。方法收集2020年1月-2021年12月云南省麻栗坡县人民医院临床分离病原菌,使用鑫科XK型细菌鉴定/药敏分析仪进行细菌鉴定和和抗生素最低抑菌浓度(MIC)检测,采用WHONET 5.6软件进行结果分析。结果2020-2021年共检出病原菌892株,标本来源以脓液(51.79%)、血培养(16.59%)和中段尿标本(16.59%)为主。检出病原菌中住院占93.39%,门急诊占6.61%,2021年门急诊检出菌株较2020年门急诊检出菌株多,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。检出病原菌株中革兰氏阴性菌438株,革兰氏阳性菌414株,真菌40株,病原菌以大肠埃希菌(204株,占35.85%)和金黄色葡萄球菌(147株,占25.83%)最为常见。大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌对头孢唑啉和氨苄西林/舒巴坦耐药性较高,耐药率均超过50.00%。铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌对亚胺培南的耐药率分别为36.36%和54.05%。金黄色葡萄球菌中MRSA检出率为53.06%,凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌中MRCNS检出率为54.61%。无论是金黄色葡萄球菌还是凝固酶阴性的葡萄球菌,未发现万古霉素耐药株。结论云南省麻栗坡县人民医院耐药菌检出率较高,临床应加强耐药性的测定,促进合理用药,减少医院感染的发生。Objective To investigate the composition characteristics and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria detected in Malipo County People's Hospital of Yunnan Province,and to provide basis for clinical rational application of antibiotics.Methods The clinical isolates of pathogenic bacteria were collected from January 2020 to December 2021 in Malipo County People's Hospital of Yunnan Province.The bacterial identification and the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)of antibiotics were detected by Xinke XK bacterial identification/drug sensitivity analyzer.The results were analyzed by WHONET 5.6 software.Results A total of 892 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected from 2020 to 2021.The main sources of specimens were pus(51.79%),blood culture(16.59%)and midstream urine specimens(16.59%).Among the pathogenic bacteria detected,hospitalization accounted for 93.39%,and outpatient and emergency departments accounted for 6.61%.The number of strains detected in outpatient and emergency departments in 2021 was more than that in 2020,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).438 strains of Gram-negative bacteria,414 strains of Gram-positive bacteria and 40 strains of fungi were detected.Escherichia coli(204 strains,35.85%)and Staphylococcus aureus(147 strains,25.83%)were the most common pathogens.Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were highly resistant to cefazolin and ampicillin/sulbactum,and the resistance rates were more than 50.00%.The resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii to imipenem were 36.36%and 54.05%,respectively.The detection rate of MRSA in Staphylococcus aureus was 53.06%,and the detection rate of MRCNS in coagulase negative Staphylococcus was 54.61%.No vancomycin-resistant strains were found in either Staphylococcus aureus or coagulase-negative Staphylococcus.Conclusion The detection rate of drug-resistant bacteria in Malipo County People's Hospital of Yunnan Province is high.The clinical determination of drug resistance should be strengthened to promote

关 键 词：病原菌 耐药性 耐药监测 

分 类 号：R37[医药卫生—病原生物学]