光强和不同抚育措施对林冠下人工更新紫椴苗木叶绿素和光合特性的影响  

Effects of Light Intensity and Different Tending Measures on Chlorophyll and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Tilia amurensis Artificially Regenerated under Forest Canopy

作　　者：吕跃东 温爱亭 张妍妍 于均屹 LYU Yuedong;WEN Aiting;ZHANG Yanyan;YU Junyi(Heilongjiang Forestry Research Institute,Heilongjiang Harbin 150081)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省林业科学研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《林业科技》2024年第3期1-5,11,共6页Forestry Science & Technology

基　　金：黑龙江省省属科研院所业务费非竞争项目(项目编号:QN2024-08)。

摘　　要：以次生林林冠下人工更新的2年生紫椴苗木为研究对象,设置2种光照强度(强光(High light,HL,林隙),弱光(Low light,LL,林冠))和4种排除地下竞争的抚育措施(施肥(F)、切根(T)、切根加施肥(T+F)、对照(CK))处理,测定紫椴苗木叶绿素和光合基本参数,探究光强和排除地下竞争的抚育措施对林冠下人工更新紫椴苗木光合生理的影响。结果表明:HL较LL提高了紫椴苗木的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度,其中HL下净光合速率显著高于LL(P<0.05),而胞间CO_(2)浓度呈相反的趋势,HL较LL显著降低了紫椴苗木的胞间CO_(2)浓度(P<0.05)。光强以及切根、施肥和光强的交互作用均对紫椴苗木的叶绿素含量产生显著影响。LL下紫椴苗木叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量较HL分别显著提高了36.1%、37.3%、36.3%(P<0.05)。8个处理组合中,LL下F、T、T+F、CK处理下紫椴苗木叶片的叶绿素含量均显著高于HL (P<0.05),LL下T和T+F处理较CK处理显著提高紫椴苗木叶片的叶绿素含量(P<0.05)。综上,紫椴苗木在林隙这种强光环境下光合作用较强,在林冠这种弱光环境下会通过增加叶绿素含量适应弱光环境,同时在弱光下切根和切根加施肥能够进一步提高紫椴苗木的叶绿素含量,更快速的提高苗木对弱光的适应能力。The artificially renewed 2 years Tilia amurensis seedlings under the canopy of the secondary forest are taken as the research object,and two kinds of light intensity (High light (HL,gap),Low light (Low light,LL,canopy)) and 4 kinds of tending measures excluding underground competition (fertilization (F),root cutting(T),root cutting and fertilizer(T+F),control(CK)).The chlorophyll and photosynthetic parameters of Tilia amurensis seedlings were determined,and the effects of light intensity and tending measures to eliminate underground competition on photosynthetic physiology of artificial renewal of Tilia amurensis seedlings under the canopy were investigated.The results showed that HL increased the net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductivity of Tilia amurensis seedlings compared with LL,and the net photosynthetic rate under HL was significantly higher than LL (P<0.05),while the intercellular CO_(2concentration) showed the opposite trend,and HL significantly decreased the intercellular CO_(2concentration) of Tilia amurensis seedlings compared with LL(P<0.05).Light intensity and the interaction of root cutting,fertilization and light intensity had significant effects on chlorophyll content of Tilia amurensis seedlings.Compared with HL,chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll contents in leaves of Tilia amurensis seedlings under LL were significantly increased by 36.1%,37.3%and 36.3%,respectively (P<0.05).Among the 8 treatment combinations,the chlorophyll content of Tilia amurensis seedling leaves under F,T,T+F and CK treatments under LL was significantly higher than that under HL(P<0.05),and the chlorophyll content of Tilia amurensis seedling leaves under T and T+F treatments under LL was significantly higher than that under CK treatment(P<0.05).In conclusion,Tilia amurensis seedlings have strong photosynthesis in the strong light environment such as the gap in the forest,and can adapt to the weak light environment by increasing chlorophyll content in the weak light environment such

关 键 词：紫椴 人工更新 光强 抚育措施 叶绿素 光合特性 

分 类 号：S725.7[农业科学—林木遗传育种]