最低工资如何影响企业污染物排放  

How does an increase in the minimum wage affect corporate pollutant emissions

作　　者：万威[1] 刘延杰 王思力 WEI WAN;YANJIE LIU;SILI WANG(Central China Normal University;University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences;Southwestern University of Finance and Economicss)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学经济与工商管理学院 [2]中国社会科学院大学应用经济学院 [3]西南财经大学经济学院

出　　处：《产业经济评论》2024年第3期55-74,共20页Review of Industrial Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“环境规制、绿色创新方向与工业污染防治:基于中国企业数据的研究”(项目编号:72073049);国家自然科学基金青年项目“准入规制与企业创新:影响识别、潜在机制与政策有效性分析”(项目编号:71903064)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：现有对最低工资影响的研究主要关注其经济影响,忽视了其社会影响。本文分析了最低工资对企业污染物排放的影响。研究发现,提高最低工资显著降低了企业二氧化硫的排放。机制分析显示,提高最低工资并没有减少企业总产值,也没有使企业因劳动力成本竞争劣势而忽视环境治理,而是促使企业用设备代替劳动力从而使工业煤炭使用减少。这表明最低工资主要通过改变要素投入结构从源头上减少了企业二氧化硫的排放。本文的研究有利于更全面地理解最低工资的影响,对最低工资的制定有重要借鉴意义。Existing research on the impact of the minimum wage mainly focuses on its economic impact and ignores its social impact.This article analyzes the impact of the minimum wage on corporate pollutant emissions.The study found that raising the minimum wage has significantly reduced the emission of sulfur dioxide from enterprises.Mechanism analysis shows that raising the minimum wage has not reduced the total output value of enterprises,nor has it caused enterprises to ignore environmental governance due to the competitive disadvantage of labor costs,but prompted enterprises to replace labor with equipment,thereby reducing the use of industrial coal.This shows that the minimum wage mainly reduces corporate sulfur dioxide emissions at the source by changing the element input structure.The research in this paper is conducive to a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of the minimum wage and has important reference significance for the formulation of the minimum wage.

关 键 词：最低工资 二氧化硫 要素投入结构 企业污染物排放 

分 类 号：X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F249.24[经济管理—劳动经济]