汽车用铝合金方形薄壁梁的压溃变形行为  

Crushing Deformation Behavior of Aluminum Alloy Square Thin-Walled Beam for Automobile

作　　者：郭鹏程 喻杜 肖罡 秦依婷[1] 杨钦文 GUO Pengcheng;YU Du;XIAO Gang;QIN Yiting;YANG Qinwen(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China;Jiangxi Copper Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Nanchang 330096,China;College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学机电工程学院,长沙410004 [2]江西铜业技术研究院有限公司,南昌330096 [3]湖南大学机械与运载工程学院,长沙410082

出　　处：《机械工程材料》2024年第4期95-102,共8页Materials For Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52075159);江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20224ACB218002);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2022JJ30019);江西省虚拟现实关键应用技术攻关(揭榜挂帅)项目(20213ABC03V01);省部共建特色金属材料与组合结构全寿命安全国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(2022GXYSOF24)。

摘　　要：建立了方形薄壁梁轴向压溃有限元模型,基于准静态拉伸试验获得的应力-应变数据,对6061-T6、6063-T6和6082-T6铝合金方形薄壁梁的压溃变形行为进行研究,分析了单排、双排、三排诱导孔对其压溃变形行为的影响。结果表明:模拟得到无诱导孔铝合金方形薄壁梁均出现3个完整的压溃褶皱,与试验结果相符,证明建立的有限元模型较准确;3种无诱导孔铝合金方形薄壁梁的压溃变形模式均为钻石压溃模式,Mises等效应力分布基本相同,在压溃变形过程中其方形截面上端面两组对边分别依次出现内凹和外鼓,然后顺序压溃形成3个褶皱;开设诱导孔对铝合金方形薄壁梁第一压溃褶皱形成后的压溃变形行为的影响较大,缩短了第二、三压溃褶皱形成所需压溃距离,提升了变形后期的承载能力,开设双排诱导孔时距离最小。The finite element model of axial crushing of a square thin-walled beam was established.Based on the stress-strain data obtained by quasi-static tensile test,the crushing deformation behaviors of 6061-T6,6063-T6 and 6082-T6 aluminum alloy square thin-walled beams were studied,and the effect of induced holes(single row,double row,triple row)on the crushing deformation behavior was analyzed.The results show that the aluminum alloy square thin-walled beam without induced holes had three complete crushing folds.The crushing morphology obtained by simulating was consistent with the test results,proving that the finite element model was accurate.The crushing deformation modes of the three kinds of aluminum alloy square thin-walled beams without induced holes were all diamond crushing modes,and the Mises equivalent stress distribution of those was basically the same.During crushing deformation,the two sets of opposite sides on the square section of the upper end face appeared concave and bulging respectively and in turn,and then crushing in sequence and formed three folds.Opening induced holes had a great effect on the crushing deformation behavior of the aluminum alloy square thin-walled beam after the formation of the first crushing fold,and shortened the crushing distance required for the formation of the second and third crushing folds,the bearing capacity in the later stage of deformation was improved.The crushing distance was smallest with double row induced holes.

关 键 词：铝合金 薄壁结构 压溃变形 诱导孔 有限元模拟 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]