论现代汉语虚词与穆旦诗歌节奏的建构  

Modern Chinese Function Words and the Construction of Rhythm in Mu Dan's Poetry

作　　者：叶琼琼[1] Ye Qiongqiong(School of Law and Humanities,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430079)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学法学与人文社会学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2024年第3期123-132,共10页Journal of Central China Normal University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助暨优秀博士论文一般项目“穆旦诗歌语言研究”(FZWB054)。

摘　　要：大量虚词入诗对穆旦诗歌节奏有根本性影响:虚词改变了传统诗歌双音步为主的节奏机制,建构了灵活多变的超音步节奏机制;打破了汉语诗歌“连续强重音”状态,形成具有轻重起伏和快慢交替的语音节奏。助词、介词等虚词的连续重复或间隔重复,构成绵密、对称、整齐的视觉节奏,介词宾语的多变体现了现代汉语诗歌节奏“有约束的自由”的特征;虚词“同位重复”的布局形成结构相同、平行展开的意群或诗节,构成均齐的视觉节奏。虚词与实词相结合起到情感和意义“增值”的审美作用;穆旦诗歌中情绪节奏与语思节奏密不可分,二者均呈现出复杂,多重,多向,多变的特征,形成“多声部”、多变的节奏。穆旦诗歌节奏是立体多元的现代诗歌节奏,穆旦竭力在传统诗歌节奏和西方诗歌节奏之间探索出一条适合现代汉语的“声音”之路。The inclusion of a large number of function words has a fundamental impact on the rhythm of Mu Dan's poetry:function words change the rhythm mechanism of traditional poetry based on two metrical feet,construct a flexible rhythm mechanism of meta-meter,break the state of“continuous stress”in Chinese poetry,and form a rhythm of ups and downs of the stressed and unstressed,and alternation of the fast and slow.The continuous or interval repetition of auxiliaries,prepositions and other function words forms a dense,symmetrical and orderly visual rhythm.The variety of objects of prepositions reflects the characteristic of“restrained freedom”of modern Chinese poetic rhythm.The layout of the“appositional repetition”of function words brings about meaning groups or stanzas with the same structure and parallel development,forming a uniform visual rhythm.The combination of function words and content words plays an aesthetic role of“adding value”to emotion and meaning.The emotional rhythm and verbal rhythm in Mu Dan's poetry is closely related to each other,both of which show complex,multiple,multi-directional and changeable characteristics,forming a“multi-voiced”and changeable rhythm.The rhythm of Mu Dan's poetry is a three-dimensional and multi-dimensional rhythm of modern poetry.Between traditional and Western poetic rhythms,Mu Dan tried his best to explore a“sound”path suitable for modern Chinese language.

关 键 词：虚词 语音节奏 语形节奏 情绪节奏 语思节奏 

分 类 号：I207.25[文学—中国文学] H146[语言文字—汉语]