炭基磷肥对黑土和红壤磷素有效性及形态变化的影响  

Effects of carbon-based phosphate fertilizer on phosphorus availability in phaeozem and red soil

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作  者:常康 李明堂[1] 杨晋霞 吴迪[1] CHANG Kang;LI Ming-tang;YANG Jin-xia;WU Di(College of Environment,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun Jilin 130118)

机构地区:[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,吉林长春130118

出  处:《中国土壤与肥料》2024年第3期40-48,共9页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基  金:国家自然科学基金项目(42077137)。

摘  要:为探究炭基磷肥作为磷源对土壤磷素有效性及形态变化的影响,采用土壤培养试验,将牛粪生物质炭(BC)、重过磷酸钙(TSP)、不同方式制备的炭基磷肥(TSP-1和TSP-2)添加到黑土(高磷)和红壤(低磷)中培养70 d,并作空白对照(CK)。研究结果表明,BC处理对黑土和红壤磷素有效性影响很小,但呈现上升的趋势;TSP、TSP-1和TSP-2处理显著增加了黑土和红壤的全磷和有效磷含量。黑土培养前期(0~28 d),TSP、TSP-1和TSP-2处理的土壤有效磷含量分别下降了42.21%、16.81%和29.93%,培养中后期(28~70d),TSP-1和TSP-2处理的土壤有效磷含量平均分别比TSP处理高9.47%和9.81%;红壤培养前期(0~28 d),TSP、TSP-1和TSP-2处理的土壤有效磷含量分别下降了78.31%、24.64%和57.53%,培养中后期(28~70 d),TSP-1和TSP-2处理的土壤有效磷含量平均分别比TSP处理高129.23%和53.10%。BC处理增加了黑土HCl-P的含量及红壤NaOH-P、HCl-P的含量;TSP、TSP-1和TSP-2处理显著增加了黑土和红壤Water-P和NaHCO3-P的含量,对其他磷组分(NaOH-P、HCl-P、Residual-P)也有影响。BC、TSP-1和TSP-2处理显著提高了黑土和红壤的pH值,TSP处理降低了黑土的pH值,对红壤的pH值影响较小。综上所述,相比无机磷肥,以炭基磷肥作为磷源可以减缓磷素在黑土和红壤中的释放速率,避免磷素被土壤大量固定,并影响土壤磷素形态的分布,提高磷肥在土壤中的有效利用率,尤其在红壤中作用效果更为明显。To explore the effects of carbon-based phosphate fertilizer as phosphorus sources on the availability and fractions changes of soil phosphorus,a soil incubation experiment was conducted.Cow manure biochar(BC),triple super phosphate(TSP),carbon based phosphorus fertilizer prepared in different ways(TSP-1 and TSP-2)were added to phaeozem(high phosphorus)and red soil(low phosphorus),respectively,and a blank control(CK)was set up,then cultured for 70 days.The results showed that BC treatment slightly improved the phosphorus availability in phaeozem and red soil.TSP,TSP-1 and TSP-2 treatments significantly increased the total and available phosphorus contents of phaeozem and red soil.In the early stage of phaeozem incubation(0-28 d),the soil available phosphorus content under TSP,TSP-1 and TSP-2 treatments decreased by 42.21%,16.81%and 29.93%,respectively,in the middle and late stage of incubation(28-70 d),the soil available phosphorus content under TSP-1 and TSP-2 treatments was 9.47%and 9.81%higher than that of TSP treatment.In the early stage of red soil incubation(0-28 d),the soil available phosphorus content under TSP,TSP-1 and TSP-2 treatments decreased by 78.31%,24.64%and 57.53%,respectively,and in the middle and late stage of incubation(28-70 d),the soil available phosphorus content under TSP-1 and TSP-2 treatment was 129.23%and 53.10%higher than that of TSP treatment,respectively.BC treatment increased the content of HCl-P in phaeozem and NaOH-P and HCl-P in red soil;TSP,TSP-1 and TSP-2 treatments significantly increased the contents of Water-P and NaHCO3-P in phaeozem and red soil,and also affected other phosphorus components(NaOH-P,HCl-P,Residual-P).BC,TSP-1 and TSP-2 treatments significantly increased the pH value of phaeozem and red soil,while TSP treatment reduced the pH value of phaeozem,but had little effect on the pH value of red soil.In conclusion,compared with inorganic phosphorus fertilizer,carbonbased phosphorus fertilizer as phosphorus source could slow down the release rate of phosphorus in phae

关 键 词:土壤磷素 炭基磷肥 缓释 磷有效性 磷组分 

分 类 号:S153.6[农业科学—土壤学] S143.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]

 

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