1961—2021年黑龙江省春播期东北冷涡气候影响特征  

Characteristics of climate impact of Northeast China Cold Vortex during spring sowing period in Heilongjiang province from 1961 to 2021

作　　者：马舒扬 李永生[1] 班晋[1] 赵佳莹[1] 王营 MA Shuyang;LI Yongsheng;BAN Jin;ZHAO Jiaying;WANG Ying(Heilongjiang Climate Center,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省气候中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2024年第2期34-40,共7页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：中国气象局气象能力提升联合研究专项(22NLTSY001);中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所联合开放基金项目(2021SYIAEKFMS10)共同资助;黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2022D022)。

摘　　要：选用1961—2021年黑龙江省62站逐日地面降水、气温资料及NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,统计分析黑龙江省春播期间持续时间3 d及以上的东北冷涡活动特征及其对春播期气候要素的影响。结果表明:61 a春播期发生东北冷涡过程233次,共958 d,发生频次及日数均为增大趋势,发生频次与单次冷涡持续时间为显著负相关。东北冷涡的降水贡献率约为43.29%,冷涡过程中出现大雨及暴雨日的频率较大,分别为48.66%和59.46%;东北冷涡对春播期气温影响不显著。500 hPa位势高度场,东北冷涡与贝加尔湖至鄂霍茨克海阻塞高压存在较好的正相关,超30%的冷涡活动与鄂霍茨克海阻塞高压相伴发生。鄂霍茨克海阻塞高压对冷涡降水有显著的增强作用,而对冷涡过程低温的影响不显著。Using daily surface precipitation and temperature data from 62 stations in Heilongjiang province from 1961 to 2021 and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/the National Center for Atmospheric Research(NCEP/NCAR)reanalysis data,we statistically analyzed the characteristics of Northeast China Cold Vortex(NCCV)that lasted 3 days or more during the spring sowing period and its impact on climatic factors.The results show that a total of 233 NCCV events occurred on a total of 958 days during the spring sowing periods of 61 years.The occurrence frequency and day numbers of NCCV exhibited an increasing trend,and the occurrence frequency of NCCV had a significantly negative correlation with the duration of a single cold vortex.The precipitation contribution of NCCV was about 43.29%,and the frequency of heavy precipitation days and rainstorm days during NCCV processes was relatively high,being 48.66%and 59.46%,respectively.The NCCV had no significant impact on air temperature during the spring sowing period.At 500 hPa geopotential height field,there was a good positive correlation between the NCCV and the blocking high area from Lake Baikal to Okhotsk Sea.More than 30%of the NCCV activities were accompanied by the Okhotsk blocking high.The Okhotsk blocking high enhanced the cold vortex precipitation,but had no significant effect on the low temperature during the NCCV process.

关 键 词：东北冷涡 阻塞高压 春播期 环流特征 

分 类 号：P468[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]