2022年夏季武汉市三类空间气温时空变化分析  

Analysis of spatiotemporal variations in air temperature among three types of spaces in Wuhan city during the summer of 2022

作　　者：刘火胜 昝嘉惠 成雅田 余乾慧 吴昌广[2] LIU Huosheng;ZAN Jiahui;CHENG Yatian;YU Qianhui;WU Changguang(Wuhan Public Meteorological Service Center,Wuhan 430040,China;College of Horticulture&Forestry Sciences,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市公共气象服务中心,湖北武汉430010 [2]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2024年第2期51-58,共8页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：海绵城市建设水系统科学湖北省重点实验室开放基金(武汉大学)“武汉市强降水多时空特征及风险识别研究”(2022-04);武汉市园林和林业局科技基金“武汉市森林火险等级分区预警标准研究”(WHGF2022A05)和“武汉都市发展区蓝绿空间对局地气候环境的影响评估及规划调控策略研究”(WHGF2019A01);中央高校基本科研业务费项目“基于湖泊局地气候效应的城市空间形态适应性机制研究—以武汉为例”(2662022YLYJ002)共同资助。

摘　　要：选用2022年6—8月武汉市都市发展区89个自动气象站逐时气温观测资料,分析该地区夏季三类空间(城镇、农业、生态)夏季不同天气条件下的气温变化,探究高温天气事件对三类空间气温的空间分布及生态、农业空间对城镇空间气温的影响。结果表明:高温日、非高温日的城镇、农业、生态三类空间气温均为05—06时逐时平均气温最低,14—16时最高的昼间变化趋势。高温天气事件显著增加了三类空间的夜间气温,其中城镇空间的夜间气温增幅最大,为4.5℃。三类空间气温类间差异在高温日最大,在阴雨日最小。三类空间气温在高温日和非高温日的夜间均存在显著的空间分布异质性,形成了气温由中心城区向边缘区逐渐递减的圈层结构,而三类空间的昼间气温差异较小。高温日、非高温日的生态、农业空间对其临近城镇空间的降温作用在日出前后、夜间最显著,两类空间对城镇空间的降温强度在高温日大于非高温日。Using hourly temperature observation data from 89 automatic meteorological stations in urban development areas of Wuhan city from June to August of 2022,this study analyzes the temperature variations under different weather conditions in summer among three types of spaces(urban,agricultural,ecological)in the region.It explores the spatial distribution of air temperature in these three types of spaces during heatwave events and the impact of ecological and agricultural spaces on the air temperature in urban spaces.The results show that,for all three types of spaces,the lowest average hourly air temperatures are recorded from 05:00 to 06:00,and the highest from 14:00 to 16:00,indicating a diurnal variation trend.Heatwave events significantly increase the nighttime air temperatures in all three types of spaces,with the urban areas experiencing the largest increase of 4.5℃.The difference in air temperatures among the three types of spaces is greatest on hot days and smallest on rainy or overcast days.Significant spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of nighttime air temperatures exists on both hot and non-hot days,forming a concentric structure of air temperatures that decrease from the central urban areas towards the outskirts.The difference in daytime air temperatures among the three types of spaces is relatively small.On both hot and non-hot days,the cooling effects of ecological and agricultural spaces on their adjacent urban spaces are most significant around sunrise and at night,with the intensity of cooling stronger on hot days than on non-hot days.

关 键 词：高温日 气温增幅 气温差 

分 类 号：P463.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]