基于HYPE模型的汉江安康断面以上流域非点源污染模拟  

Simulation of non-point source pollution in watershed above Ankang Section of the Han River based on HYPE model

作　　者：杨雨潇 李家科[1] YANG Yuxiao;LI Jiake(State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《水资源保护》2024年第3期140-148,共9页Water Resources Protection

基　　金：陕西省重点研发项目(2019ZDLSF06-01);陕西省秦创原“科学家+工程师”队伍建设项目(2022KXJ-115)。

摘　　要：基于空间数据和属性数据,构建了汉江安康断面以上流域环境水文预测(HYPE)模型,模拟了2012—2016年安康水文站的降水量和径流以及研究区非点源总氮、总磷污染负荷。结果表明:HYPE模型日径流量和月径流量模拟结果率定期纳升效率系数分别为0.78、0.90,验证期分别为0.69、0.87;总氮、总磷负荷模拟结果率定期纳什效率系数分别为0.71、0.69,验证期分别为0.68、0.63,表明HYPE模型在研究区具有良好适用性;汉江安康断面以上流域总氮和总磷非点源污染负荷主要集中在6—10月,主要来源于农业化肥施用与水土流失;研究区总氮单位面积负荷流失量为0.354~6.139 kg,总磷单位面积负荷流失量为0.012~0.395 kg,总氮、总磷流失最严重的区域主要分布在流域偏南部,合理使用化肥、加强防治水土流失是控制研究区非点源污染的有效措施。Based on spatial and attribute data,the HYPE model of hydrological and water quality in the watershed above Ankang Section of the Han River was constructed to simulate the precipitation and runoff from the Ankang hydrological station,as well as the pollution loads of total nitrogen and total phosphorus from non-point sources in the study area from 2012 to 2016.The results show that the values of Nash-Sutchliffe efficiency coefficient E NS for daily and monthly runoff of the TYPE model are 0.78 and 0.90 in the calibration period,respectively,and are 0.69 and 0.87 in the validation period,respectively,and E NS values of the total nitrogen and total phosphorus loads are 0.71 and 0.69 in the calibration period,respectively,and are 0.68 and 0.63 in the validation period,respectively.This indicates that the TYPE model has good applicability in the study area.The non-point source pollution loads of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the watershed above Ankang Section of the Han River are mainly concentrated from June to October,and mainly from agricultural fertilizers and soil erosion.The total nitrogen loss per unit area load in the study area is 0.354~6.139 kg,and the total phosphorus loss per unit area load is 0.012~0.395 kg.The areas with the most severe total nitrogen and total phosphorus loss are mainly distributed in the southern part of the watershed.Reasonable use of fertilizers and strengthening the prevention and control of soil erosion are effective measures to control non-point source pollution in the study area.

关 键 词：非点源污染 HYPE模型 总氮负荷 总磷负荷 汉江 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]