托卡马克超导磁体失超电压探测技术  

Quench Voltage Detection for Superconducting Magnets in Tokamak

作　　者：王腾 WANG Teng(Institute of Plasma Physics,Hefei Institutes of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院等离子体物理研究所,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《南方能源建设》2024年第3期65-74,共10页Southern Energy Construction

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目“EAST全超导托卡马克中等离子体对失超探测信号的干扰机理及抑制策略研究”(12105321);中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院等离子体物理研究所资助项目“脉冲强磁场下的超导磁体失超特性及诊断技术研究”(DSJJ-2022-01)。

摘　　要：[目的]全超导托卡马克是稳态运行的基础,而及时、可靠的失超探测是保证超导磁体运行安全的关键所在,享有聚变装置安全的最高等级。[方法]文章综述了聚变磁体失超电压探测的方法原理和实现途径,简要概括了失超探测的研究进展和主要托卡马克装置所采用的失超探测方案,介绍了失超电压探测的基本原理和过程。并以全超导托卡马克实验装置(EAST)为例,分析失超电压探测的干扰来源及耦合机制,提出两级解耦补偿方案,并建立初级补偿优化分析模型和等离子体耦合干扰动态补偿机制。[结果]实测结果表明,该补偿方案能够实现99.9%以上的噪声抑制比,有效改善失超探测的信噪比和可靠性。[结论]建立的初级补偿优化分析模型和等离子体耦合干扰动态补偿机制可拓展至其他托卡马克装置,从而为未来聚变堆的失超探测设计和磁体安全运行提供必要积累。[Introduction]The superconducting tokamak serves as the foundation for steady-state operation.Timely and reliable quench detection is the key to ensuring the secure operation of superconducting magnets,which has the highest level of safety in fusion device operation.[Method]In this paper,an overview of the principles and implementation approaches of quench voltage detection for fusion magnets was provided.It briefly summarized the research progress of quench detection and the quench detection schemes adopted by mainstream tokamak devices and introduced the basic principles and processes of quench voltage detection.Taking the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak(EAST)as an example,this paper analyzed the interference sources and coupling mechanisms of quench voltage detection,proposed a two-stage decoupling compensation scheme,and established an optimization analysis model for primary compensation and a dynamic compensation mechanism for plasma-coupling interferences.[Result]The experimental results indicate that the compensation scheme can achieve a high noise suppression ratio greater than 99.9%,which can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and reliability of quench detection.[Conclusion]The established optimization analysis model for primary compensation and the dynamic compensation mechanism for plasma-coupling interferences can be extended to other tokamak devices,thereby providing necessary accumulation for the design of quench detection and the secure operation of magnets in future fusion reactors.

关 键 词：托卡马克 超导磁体 失超探测 电磁干扰抑制 EAST 

分 类 号：TL6[核科学技术—核技术及应用] TM265[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]