化肥减量配施生物有机肥和微生物菌剂对花生生长、产量及经济效益的影响  

Application Effect of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction Combined with Biological Organic Fertilizer and Microbial Agent on Peanut Growth,Yield and Economic Benefits

作　　者：黄炎霞 郑国栋[1] 龚屾 黄金堂[1] 戴炜 HUANG Yan-xia;ZHENG Guo-dong;GONG Shen;HUANG Jin-tang;DAI Wei(Putian Institute of Agricultural Science,Putian,Fujian 351106,China;Hanjiang Plant Protection and Quarantein Station of Putian City,Putian,Fujian 351106,China)

机构地区：[1]莆田市农业科学研究所,福建莆田351106 [2]莆田市涵江区植保植检站,福建莆田351111

出　　处：《福建农业科技》2024年第3期57-61,共5页Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：莆田市科技计划项目(2022NJJ001)。

摘　　要：为进一步探索生物有机肥和微生物菌剂替代部分化肥在花生上的应用效果,分别以不施肥、当地习惯施肥、推荐常规施肥为对照,研究80%、60%、50%、40%常规肥配施生物有机肥和微生物菌剂对花生生长、产量、肥料贡献率及经济效益的影响。结果表明:40%~80%常规肥配施生物有机肥和微生物菌剂在主要农艺性状、荚果性状上与当地习惯施肥和常规施肥无显著差异;在产量、肥料贡献率及经济效益上,50%常规肥+50%生物有机肥+微生物菌剂表现最好,肥料贡献率10.60%,与当地习惯施肥、常规施肥相比分别增产1.43%、1.96%,分别增收3.56%、0.60%;60%常规肥+40%生物有机肥+微生物菌剂表现次之,肥料贡献率10.31%,与当地习惯施肥、常规施肥相比分别增产1.10%、1.63%,分别增收3.28%、0.35%。综上,本试验条件下,配施生物有机肥和微生物菌剂的基础上化肥减施量以40%~50%为宜。In order to further explore the application effect of bio-organic fertilizer and microbial agents instead of some chemical fertilizers on peanuts,the experiment was conducted with no fertilization,local usual fertilization and recommended conventional fertilization as the control group,respectively.Then,the effects of 80%,60%,50%and 40%conventional fertilizer combined with the bio-organic fertilizer and microbial agent on the growth,yield,fertilizer contribution rate and economic benefits of peanut were studied.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the main agronomic traits and pod traits between the treatment of 40%-80%conventional fertilizer combined with the bio-organic fertilizer and microbial agent and the treatment of local usual fertilization and conventional fertilizer.In terms of yield,fertilizer contribution rate and economic benefit,50%conventional fertilizer+50%bio-organic fertilizer+microbial agent had the best performance,and the fertilizer contribution rate was 10.60%.Compared with the local usual fertilization and conventional fertilization,the yield increased by 1.43%and 1.96%,respectively,and the income increased by 3.56%and 0.60%,respectively.The performance of 60%conventional fertilizer+40%bio-organic fertilizer+microbial agent was the second,and the fertilizer contribution rate was 10.31%.Compared with the local usual fertilization and conventional fertilization,the yield increased by 1.10%and 1.63%,respectively,and the income increased by 3.28%and 0.35%,respectively.In summary,under the conditions of this experiment,it was advisable to reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer by 40%-50%on the basis of the application of bio-organic fertilizer and microbial agent.

关 键 词：花生 化肥减量 生物有机肥 微生物菌剂 产量 经济效益 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]