“硬指标”何以实现“软着陆”:治理重心下移背景下基层政策执行力提升的策略选择  

How“Hard Indicators”Achieve a“Soft Landing”:Strategy Choices for Enhancing Grassroots Policy Implementation in the Context of Decentralized Governance Focus

作　　者：牛朝文 汪波 Niu Chaowen;Wang Bo

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学政府管理学院,北京100875

出　　处：《河南社会科学》2024年第6期106-116,共11页Henan Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“对口支援在我国国家治理中的制度与功能优势研究”(21BZZ039);教育部哲学社会科学研究后期资助项目“大数据背景下制度反腐与数字反腐的联动研究”(20JHQ069)。

摘　　要：为克服一刀切式的“粗糙摆平”问题,促进基层治理现代化,通过推动基层政策执行力提升,实现更为精简和规范的执行。在政策执行的能力视角下,构建“任务—策略—目的”的分析框架。通过对D县提升“执行力”的个案研究发现:在社会治理重心下移的背景下,面对进入基层场域的政策数量内容日趋增多,政策指标愈加“硬核”,这体现为“目标更加清晰、权责更加明确、奖惩更加分明”,基层通过提升政策执行力来实现政策的“软着陆”。通过以“合法性”构建打造纵向到底的执行链条,强化政策目标设定的权威性、认同性与可操作性,达成执行效率的“软着陆”;通过以“合理性”建构形塑检查验收机制,压实政策要求和工作责任,达成执行效果的“软着陆”;通过以“合情性”构建形成紧密型的组织化联结关系,激活基层政策执行的“神经末梢”和“内生动力”,以精准执行达成政策的降本增效,实现政策效益的“软着陆”。“法、理、情”融合为提升基层政策执行力策略提供了必要的基础、条件和要求,有助于打开治理重心下移背景下基层政策执行力提升的“黑箱”。This paper addresses the challenge of blunt,uniform policy execution and aims to promote sophisticated and standardized implementation in order to drive grassroots governance modernization.It delves into identifying the optimal strategies from a perspective of policy execution capability,conceptualizing an analytical framework structured around“Task-Strategy-Outcome”.Through a case study examining the enhancement of“execution capacity”within County D,it is revealed that amidst the shift of social governance focus towards the grassroots level,policies are becoming more abundant and their indicators increasingly stringent(“hardcore”),marked by crystal-clear objectives,well-defined responsibilities and rights,and transparent reward and penalty systems.By strengthening grassroots policyimplementation,a’soft landing’for these policies can be attained.Specifically,establishing legitimacy creates a vertically cohesive execution chain,reinforcing the authority,acceptance,and practicality of policy goal setting,thereby ensuring a soft landing for execution efficiency.Rationality shapes inspection and acceptance mechanisms,consolidating policy demands and work accountability,thus facilitating a smooth execution outcome.Moreover,cultivating emotional resonance to forge tightly-integrated organizational connections activates the“neural endpoints”and“intrinsic motivation”within grassroots policy execution,leading to precise implementation that optimizes cost-effectiveness and ultimately achieves a soft landing in terms of policy benefits.The synthesis of“legality,rationale,and emotion”provides the essential groundwork,conditions,and criteria for formulating strategies to enhance grassroots policyimplementation,effectively unlocking the“black box”of improved policy execution as governance priorities migrate downward to the grassroots tier.

关 键 词：政策执行 “法、理、情”融合 基层政策执行 治理能力现代化 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]