季节因素调控动物发情周期分子机制的研究进展  

Research Progress on theMolecularMechanismof Seasonal Factors Regulating the Oestrus Cycle in Animals

作　　者：孙慧敏 王岩 范冰峰 刘理想 杨镒峰[1] 许保增[1] SUN Huimin;WANG Yan;FAN Bingfeng;LIU Lixiang;YANG Yifeng;XU Baozeng(Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy Agriculture Sciences,Changchun 130112,China;Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院特产研究所,吉林长春130112 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081

出　　处：《特产研究》2024年第3期148-153,共6页Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Research

基　　金：吉林省自然科学基金(YDZJ202201ZYTS464);吉林省实验动物领域创新研究项目(20230505045ZP);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-ISAPS)。

摘　　要：自然情况下哺乳动物卵泡的发育及成熟卵泡的排出与动物的发情周期紧密相关。研究表明,动物的发情周期与公畜刺激、饲养管理条件和季节等因素有关。其中季节变化伴随的光照长度、温度及觅食条件等变化,通过改变相关激素如褪黑素的分泌和KissⅠ等相关信号分子的表达,控制下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴中GnRH的分泌,在此基础上,调控与排卵有关的促黄体生成素周期峰值的出现时间,从而调控动物的发情周期。本文综述了光照长度和温度变化对动物生殖活动及发情周期影响的分子机制,对于集约化养殖和规模化生产过程中调节动物同期发情有实际指导意义。The natural development of mammalian follicles and the expulsion of mature follicles are closely associated with the estrus cycle.Studies have shown that the estrus cycle of animals is related to factors such as male stimulation,feeding and management conditions,and season.Seasonal changes,including variations in photoperiod,temperature,and foraging conditions,regulate the secretion of relevant hor-mones such as melatonin and signaling molecules like KissⅠ,thereby controlling the secretion of GnRH(gonadotropin-releasing hormone)in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.Based on this,they regulates the timing of the cycle peak of LH,which is associated with ovulation,thus adjusting the animal’sestrus cycle.This review systemically elucidates the molecular mechanisms of the mammalian estrus cycle,under the influence of daylight length and temperature variation.This review offers important guidance in manipulating the mamma-lian estrus synchronization in the industry of intensive cultivation and large-scale production.

关 键 词：卵泡发育 褪黑素 热应激 发情周期 

分 类 号：S814.1[农业科学—畜牧学]