政策激活自治:农村公共品有效供给的实践路径——以人居环境整治为例  

Policy-activated Self-governance:A Practical Approach to the Effective Supply of Rural Public Goods

作　　者：王波[1] WANG Bo

机构地区：[1]武汉大学社会学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《决策与信息》2024年第6期57-67,共11页Decision & Information

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(22&ZD173)。

摘　　要：在农村公共品供给中,一些村庄在政策的牵引下,动员村庄精英和普通村民积极参与公共品供给的民主实践,从而激活了村庄潜在的治理能力,实现了公共品的有效供给。这种现象可称之为“政策激活自治”。公共品供给政策的灵活性、以村干部为核心的组织动员能力以及以小组为单位的内生性治理能力构成了政策激活自治的政策、组织和社会基础。基于公共品分类的视角可发现,政策的牵引效应主要作用于与农民关系紧密、投入较少的建设项目上,而对与农民关系松散、投入较多的公共项目作用有限。政策激活自治的存在,启发我们在公共品供给中掌握政策统一性和灵活性的平衡,区分不同项目与农民的利益链接,通过适当的政策激发村民参与的积极性。In the supply of rural public goods,some villages,under the traction of policies,mobilize village elites and ordinary villagers to actively participate in the democratic practice of the supply of public goods,thus activating the potential governance capacity of villages and realizing the effective supply of public goods.This paper summarizes this phenomenon as"policy activation autonomy".The flexibility of the public goods supply policy,the mobilization ability of the village cadres as the core and the endogenous governance ability of the group constitute the policy,organizational and social foundation of the policy activation autonomy.Based on the perspective of public goods classification,it is found that the traction effect of the policy mainly affects the construction projects with close relationship with farmers and less investment,while the effect is limited to the public projects with loose relationship with farmers and more investment.The existence of policy activation autonomy inspires us to grasp the balance between policy unity and flexibility in the supply of public goods,distinguish the link between different projects and farmers'interests,and stimulate the enthusiasm of villagers'participation through appropriate policies.

关 键 词：公共品供给 村民自治 政策激活自治 村庄社会 人居环境 农村社区治理 

分 类 号：D638[政治法律—政治学] D668[政治法律—中外政治制度]