甲乙基化植物油对藻荧光法检测三嗪类除草剂阿特拉津、扑草净与特丁通生物毒性的增敏性能研究  

Study on the Detection of Triazine Herbicides Atrazine,Prometryn and Terbumeton Biotoxicity by Methyl-Ethyl Vegetable Oil Sensitized Algae Chlorophyll Fluorescence

作　　者：杨瑞 崔建升[1,2] 马小龙 王合宇 刘大喜 王柳卜[1] YANG Rui;CUI Jian-sheng;MA Xiao-long;WANG He-yu;LIU Da-xi;WANG Liu-bo(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang050018,China;Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang 050018,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院,河北石家庄050018 [2]河北省污染防治生物技术实验室,河北石家庄050018

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2024年第6期1789-1800,共12页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21876043);河北省科技厅京津冀协同创新共同体建设专项(20543901D)资助。

摘　　要：为了提升藻叶绿素荧光对痕量三嗪类除草剂的检测效果,以蛋白核小球藻、铜绿微囊藻和斜生四链藻为试验藻种,通过水样叶绿素荧光仪(WATER-PAM-WALZ)测量四个藻叶绿素荧光动力学参数Fv/Fm、Y(Ⅱ)、NPQ和qP作为毒性评价指标,研究微藻对阿特拉津、扑草净与特丁通三种三嗪类除草剂毒性的响应时间和甲乙基化植物油对藻荧光法检测除草剂生物毒性的增敏效果。实验结果显示:①蛋白核小球藻、铜绿微囊藻和斜生四链藻对三种除草剂的生物毒性最佳响应时间分别为20、10和10 min;增敏效果最显著时甲乙基化植物油浓度分别为0.25%、0.5%和0.25%。②斜生四链藻对三种除草剂的响应敏感性最高,而铜绿微囊藻对除草剂的适应性和抗性较强,在20μg·L^(-1)的扑草净暴露下,实验组斜生四链藻和蛋白核小球藻的Fv/Fm抑制率均达到23%,而铜绿微囊藻Fv/Fm抑制率只达到8%。③甲乙基化植物油的作用下,Y(Ⅱ)和NPQ对除草剂的毒性响应灵敏度最高。40μg·L^(-1)的扑草净对斜生四链藻Y(Ⅱ)抑制效果达到了56%,对Fv/Fm抑制率最高达到41%,是对照组的2.5倍,而除草剂浓度至200μg·L^(-1)时,三种藻类NPQ值均提升了1.5倍以上,参数值qP的响应程度受甲乙基化植物油的增敏效果较小。实验结果表明甲乙基化植物油扩大了除草剂与藻细胞的接触面积,增强了除草剂的渗透力,提升了藻荧光对除草剂的毒性响应,可降低除草剂的检出限值。研究中首次将甲乙基化植物油应用于藻荧光法检测三嗪类除草剂中,并且在甲乙基化植物油的作用下,藻荧光法表现出良好的检测效果,解决了某些情况下叶绿素参数响应不灵敏的问题,为快速、灵敏地检测环境中的痕量三嗪类除草剂的生物毒性提供了一种新的方法。In order to improve the sensitivity of the algal chlorophyll fluorescence method for the detection of trace herbicides,the optimal response time of microalgae to the toxicity of three triazine herbicides(Atrazine,Prometryn and Terbumeton)was investigated,as well as the sensitization effect of methyl-ethyl vegetableoil on the biological toxicity of herbicidesdetected by algal fluorescence method were further studied.In addition,four chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters of Fv/Fm,Y(Ⅱ),NPQ and qP were measured by WATER-PAM-WALZ as the toxicity evaluation index,and Chlorella proteinacea,Microcystis aeruginosa and Scenedesmus obliquus were adopted as the test algae.Therefore,the results were as follows:①The optimal biotoxic response times of Chlorella proteinosa,Microcystis aeruginosa,and Scenedesmus obliquus were to the three herbicides 20,10 and 10 min,respectively.Moreover,the most effective concentrations of methyl-ethyl vegetable oil were 0.25%,0.5%and 0.25%,respectively.②Scenedesmus obliquus had the highest sensitivity to the three herbicides,while Microcystis aeruginosa was more adaptable and resistant to herbicides.Under 20μg·L^(-1)Prometryn exposure,the Fv/Fm inhibition rates of both Scenedesmus obliquus and Chlorella proteinosa were up to 23%,while that of Microcystis aeruginosa only reached 8%.③Y(Ⅱ)and NPQ showed the highest sensitivity to herbicide toxicity under the treatment of methyl-ethyl vegetable oil.Besides,the inhibitory effect of 40μg·L^(-1)Prometryn on Y(Ⅱ)of Scenedesmus obliquus was 56%,and the inhibition rate of Fv/Fm was up to 41%,which was 2.5 times that of the control group.However,when exposed to 200μg·L^(-1)herbicide,the NPQ values of the three algae increased by more than 1.5 times,and the qP was less affected by methyl-ethyl vegetable oil.Hence,the above results demonstrated that the contact area between herbicide and algae cells was enlargedby methyl-ethyl vegetable oil,and the penetration of herbicide was enhanced,which improved the toxic response of algae fluor

关 键 词：三嗪类除草剂 藻类叶绿素荧光参数 甲乙基化植物油 灵敏度提升 

分 类 号：X835[环境科学与工程—环境工程]