微塑料对土壤微生物群落结构影响及共生网络分析  

Effects of microplastics on soil microbial community structure andsymbiotic network analysis

作　　者：尚耘旭 古雄杰 余红[1] 郑涵云 李文金[2] 全占军[1] 王菲菲[1] SHANG Yunxu;GU Xiongjie;YU Hong;ZHENG Hanyun;LI Wenjin;QUAN Zhanjun;WANG Feifei(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences;College of Ecology,Lanzhou University)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院 [2]兰州大学生态学院

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2024年第3期719-731,共13页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1909502)。

摘　　要：土壤是微塑料的主要储存库,微塑料进入土壤生态系统后可以形成与周围环境显著不同的“塑料圈”,影响土壤微生物群落结构。通过外源添加微塑料颗粒模拟不同程度的农田土壤微塑料污染,探究微塑料对土壤微生物群落的影响。结果显示,微塑料污染会对土壤中微生物属水平细菌和真菌群落带来极大改变,根际土壤和非根际土壤的微塑料处理高浓度组真菌群落特有属数量显著高于低浓度组(p<0.05),且微塑料污染引起的根际土壤与非根际土壤的细菌群落和真菌群落结构变化均存在较大差异。土壤微生物群落多样性及共生网络分析结果表明,高浓度组微塑料添加显著降低土壤微生物多样性,微塑料对根际土壤微生物的影响大于非根际土壤。研究结果提示土壤真菌群落对微塑料污染的响应程度大于细菌群落,未来土壤微塑料相关研究需要进一步重视根际土壤监测。Soil is the main reservoir of microplastics,and the"plastic sphere"can be formed after microplastics enter the soil ecosystem,which is significantly different from the surrounding environment and might affect the soil microbial community structure.Exogenous microplastic particles were added to simulate different degrees of farmland soil microplastic pollution and explore the effects of microplastics on soil microbial communities.The results showed that microplastics pollution could greatly change the bacterial and fungal communities at the microbial genus level in soil.In rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils,the number of specific genera of fungal community in the high concentration group of microplastics treatment was significantly higher than that in the low concentration group(p<0.05).The changes of bacterial community and fungal community structure in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils caused by microplastics pollution were significantly different.And the results of soil microbial community diversity and symbiotic network analysis showed that the addition of microplastics in the high concentration group significantly reduced soil microbial diversity,and the effect of microplastics on rhizosphere soil microorganisms was greater than that of non-rhizosphere soil.The results suggested that the response degree of soil fungi community to microplastics pollution was greater than that of bacteria community,and further attention should be paid to rhizosphere soil monitoring in the future.

关 键 词：微塑料 根际土壤 土壤微生物 细菌 真菌 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]