武都水库微塑料的赋存特征研究  

Study on the occurrence characteristics of microplastics in Wudu Reservoir

作　　者：李全威 余红[2] 杨轲 古雄杰 王菲菲[1] 全占军[3] LI Quanwei;YU Hong;YANG Ke;GU Xiongjie;WANG Feifei;QUAN Zhanjun(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-Process and Function Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences)

机构地区：[1]环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,中国环境科学研究院 [2]国家环境保护地下水污染模拟与控制重点实验室,中国环境科学研究院 [3]国家环境保护区域生态过程与功能评估重点实验室,中国环境科学研究院

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2024年第3期742-749,共8页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1909502)。

摘　　要：为探讨水库水体与生物体的微塑料的赋存特征,以武都水库为研究区域,于2022年丰水期采样并分析水库内不同水域表层水和鱼体内的微塑料。结果表明:2022年9月武都水库表层水中的微塑料平均丰度为(63.61±16.26)个/L,库首、库中和库尾微塑料丰度无显著性差异;鱼体胃肠道微塑料平均丰度为(13.61±8.43)个/g,鱼鳃中微塑料平均丰度为(12.22±4.99)个/g;肌肉中微塑料平均丰度为(4.66±3.34)个/g,肌肉中微塑料的丰度显著低于胃肠道和鱼鳃(P<0.05)。微塑料组分和粒径分析结果显示,水体和鱼体微塑料均以聚氯乙烯占比最多,其次为聚酰胺,水体和鱼体中的微塑料均以小粒径(20~50μm)的微塑料为主。相关性分析结果显示,水库水体与鱼体组织中的微塑料在化学组成和粒径组成上显著相关(P<0.05)。To explore the occurrence characteristics of microplastics in reservoir water and organisms,WuduReservoir was selected as the research area,and microplastics in surface water of different areas and fish in thereservoir were sampled and analyzed in the wet period in 2022.The results showed that the average abundance ofmicroplastics in the surface water of Wudu Reservoir in September 2022 was(63.61±16.26)n/L,and there was nosignificant difference in the abundance of microplastics at the head,middle and end of the reservoir.Moreover,theaverage abundance of microplastics in the gastrointestinal tract,gills and muscle was(13.61±8.43),(12.22±4.99),and(4.66±3.34)n/g,respectively.In addition,the abundance of microplastics in muscle was significantly lower thanthat in the gastrointestinal tract and gills(P<0.05).The results of microplastic composition and size analysis showedthat polyvinyl chloride(PVC)and polyamide(PA)accounted for the largest proportion of microplastics in bothwater and fish,and microplastics with small particle size(20-50μm)were mainly in both water and fish.The resultsof correlation analysis showed that the chemical composition and particle size composition of microplastics insurface water were significantly correlated with those in fish(P<0.05).The research results could provide datasupport for the microplastic pollution control scheme of lake and reservoir.

关 键 词：微塑料 水库 地表水 淡水鱼 赋存 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]