肇兰新河河流生态系统健康评价及改善对策  

Ecosystem health assessment and improvement strategies of Zhaolan Xin River

作　　者：赵晓珊 董彭旭 冯可心 姜兵 杜慧玲 于晓英 孙健 李秀媛 张乐天 李广来 ZHAO Xiaoshan;DONG Pengxu;FENG Kexin;JIANG Bing;DU Huiling;YU Xiaoying;SUN Jian;LI Xiuyuan;ZHANG Letian;LI Guanglai(Daqing Municipal Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center;Heilongjiang Academy of Environmental Sciences;South China Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省大庆生态环境监测中心 [2]黑龙江省环境科学研究院 [3]生态环境部华南环境科学研究所

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2024年第3期856-866,共11页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：中央水污染专项资金支持项目(2020239900S1-10004)。

摘　　要：为诊断肇兰新河的水环境问题,从水质、底质、水生态状况3个方面开展对肇兰新河流域为期1年(2021年夏季—2022年春季)的系统调研、监测与数据分析。采用多指标综合分析法,构建三层次递阶评价体系,选取物理完整性、水资源与安全、水质等7项指标构建肇兰新河河流生态系统健康综合评价指标体系,评价其健康状况。结果表明:肇兰新河源头青肯泡污染严重,干流沿岸以农业面源污染为主,水生态系统受到人类干扰强度较高,河流生态系统脆弱。肇兰新河河流健康总体评价得分为0.26,介于0.20~0.40,等级评级为“差”,其中河流上游、中游和下游健康总体评价的7个方面得分均低于0.4,部分评分低于0.2,评价等级为“差”或“极差”。从河流管理、水污染控制和水生态修复方面提出治理策略,采取优化断面布设、深度控制污染来源、清淤治理等措施改善肇兰新河生态环境。In order to identify the water environmental problems in the Zhaolan Xin River,a systematic survey,monitoring and data analysis on water quality,substrate and water ecology from summer 2021 to spring 2022 were conducted.A three-level hierarchical evaluation system was constructed by a multi-index comprehensive analysis method,seven aspects,including physical integrity,water resources and safety,water quality,etc.,were selected to build a comprehensive assessment index system for the health of the river ecosystem of the Zhaolan Xin River,and its health status was evaluated.The results showed that Qingken Lake,the source of the Zhaolan Xin River,was with serious pollution,and the mainstream pollution was mainly from agricultural non-point sources.The water ecosystem was subject to high levels of human disturbance,and the river ecosystem was fragile.The overall health evaluation score of the Zhaolan Xin River was 0.26,ranging from 0.20 to 0.40,and the rating was"poor".Among them,the overall health evaluation scores of the upper,middle and lower reaches of the river were all lower than 0.4 in all the seven aspects,with some scores below 0.2,and the evaluation rating was"poor"or"extremely poor".It was proposed that the future governance strategy should focus on three aspects,i.e.river management,water pollution control and water ecological restoration,and measures of optimizing section layout,deeply controlling pollution sources and dredging should be implemented to achieve improvement of ecological environment in the Zhaolan Xin River in the future.

关 键 词：肇兰新河 河流生态系统 综合评价指标体系 健康评价 治理策略 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]