尾矿库环境事故因素分析及建议  

Factors analysis and suggestions on environmental accident of tailings ponds

作　　者：袁华山 张明慧[2] 陶霞[3] 王宏洋[2] 赵鑫[4] 张国宁[5] 江梅[5] YUAN Huashan;ZHANG Minghui;TAO Xia;WANG Hongyang;ZHAO Xin;ZHANG Guoning;JIANG Mei(Beijing Miyun District Ecology and Environment Bureau;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences;Hunan Water Treatment Process and Equipment Engineering Technology Research Center,China Machinery International Engineering Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.;Vehicle Emission Control Center,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences;Institute of Environmental Standards,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences)

机构地区：[1]北京市密云区生态环境局 [2]环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,中国环境科学研究院 [3]湖南省水处理过程与装备工程技术研究中心,中机国际工程设计研究院有限责任公司 [4]生态环境部机动车排污监控中心,中国环境科学研究院 [5]生态环境部环境标准研究所,中国环境科学研究院

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2024年第3期1026-1033,共8页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3205600)。

摘　　要：基于我国尾矿库环境风险特征,分析近年来尾矿库环境事故原因,并针对环境事故发生后的应急处理及环境次生灾害应急处理展开讨论。针对我国尾矿资源存量大、类型多,资源综合利用率较低以及矿山企业生产管理水平不高的实际问题,提出建议:一是要实现尾矿资源的综合利用,达到减量减排的目的;二是要对尾矿库采取系统性的污染治理,特别是针对因不可抗拒因素而引起的环境污染问题;三是要加强安全管理,减少溃坝等安全风险,从源头降低安全事故次生环境污染风险。Based on the environmental risk characteristics of tailings ponds in China,the causes of environmental accidents in recent years were analyzed,and the emergency treatment after environmental accidents and environmental secondary disasters were discussed.In view of the practical problems of China’s large stock and diverse types of tailings resources,low comprehensive utilization rate,and the low production management level of mining enterprises in China,some suggestions were put forward.The first is to achieve the comprehensive utilization of tailings resources and achieve the purpose of reducing emissions.The second is to take systematic pollution control for the tailings ponds,especially for the environmental pollution caused by irresistible factors.The third is to strengthen safety management,reduce safety risks such as dam break,and reduce secondary environmental pollution risks from the source of safety accidents.

关 键 词：尾矿库 尾矿 环境风险 应急处置 

分 类 号：X507[环境科学与工程—环境工程]