以旗舰物种为视角的生物多样性价值评估初探  

Exploring the application of flagship species in biodiversity valuation

作　　者：李晓蔚 邓陈宁 黄小娱 谢明辉[1] LI Xiaowei;DENG Chenning;HUANG Xiaoyu;XIE Minghui(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2024年第3期1077-1086,共10页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3210000);秦创原引用高层次创新创业人才项目(QCYRCXM-2022-242);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项项目(2022YSKY-35)。

摘　　要：利益相关者对生物多样性的价值感知影响其态度与行为,从而影响环境保护政策执行的效率与效果。为准确刻画出利益相关者对特定区域内生物多样性的价值感知,提出一套以旗舰物种为视角的选择实验设计方法,具体步骤包括:结合研究区域选择旗舰物种进行属性设计;根据预调研结果优化生成正式调研的选择实验问卷;通过问卷调研获取支付意愿;评估局地生物多样性价值。将该方法应用于秦岭(陕西段),选取秦岭大熊猫、秦岭金丝猴、朱鹮为旗舰物种,调查了1288位受访者,结果显示:陕西省内、省外受访者对秦岭生物多样性保护的边际货币支付意愿分别为146.29、212.60元/a,边际时间支付意愿价值分别为240.12、350.01元/a。根据边际支付意愿估算得到秦岭(陕西段)生物多样性价值为4897.72亿~9795.45亿元/a。该方法能较为全面地反映局地生物多样性的价值并兼具可理解性,为生物多样性保护政策的制定与执行提供数据基础。The value of the biodiversity perceived by the stakeholders will influence their behavior and attitude towards environment protection and thus impact the efficiency and effectiveness of policies related to environmental conservation directly.To characterize the value perception of biodiversity by stakeholders in a specific region more accurately,a method of choice experiment designed from the perspective of flagship species was proposed.The steps of the method included:selecting flagship species for attribute design based on the study area,optimizing and generating the choice experiment questionnaire for the formal survey based on the results of the pre-survey,obtaining the willingness to pay through the questionnaire survey,evaluating the value of biodiversity in a specific region.Applying the methodology in Qinling Mountains(Shaanxi section),giant pandas,golden monkeys,and crested ibis were selected as flagship species,and 1288 individuals were finally included through field visits and online surveys.The results showed that the marginal monetary willingness to pay of respondents from inside and outside Shaanxi Province for Qinling biodiversity protection was 146.29 and 212.60 yuan per year,and the value of marginal time willingness to pay was 240.12 and 350.01 yuan per year,respectively.According to the marginal willingness to pay,the biodiversity value of Qinling Mountains(Shaanxi section)was estimated to be 489.772-979.545 billion yuan per year.The case study proves that this method can reflect the value of biodiversity in a more comprehensive and comprehensible way,and provide a solid data basis for the formulation and implementation of ecosystem protection policies.

关 键 词：旗舰物种 选择实验 支付意愿 生物多样性价值 秦岭 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]