安徽省35岁及以上居民泌尿系统症状及影响因素分析  

Influencing factors of urinary system symptoms in residents aged 35 years old and above in Anhui Province

作　　者：徐方霞 沈兴蓉 王德斌[1] 柴静[1] XU Fangxia;SHEN Xingrong;WANG Debin;CHAI Jing(School of Health Management,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学卫生管理学院,安徽合肥230032

出　　处：《沈阳医学院学报》2024年第3期256-260,266,共6页Journal of Shenyang Medical College

基　　金：安徽医科大学博士科研基金(No.XJ202009);安徽省高校自然科学研究项目(No.KJ2021A0259)。

摘　　要：目的:了解安徽省35岁及以上城乡居民泌尿系统症状的影响因素。方法:采取多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,在安徽省9个市的19个县(区)抽取19339名35岁及以上居民进行问卷调查,采用二元Logistic回归分析泌尿系统症状发生的影响因素。结果:不同性别、年龄、长期居住地、体重指数、文化程度在除尿道分泌物以外的其他3种症状中比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。基于二元Logistic回归分析模型可以得出,随着年龄增长,出现尿频/尿急/排尿痛、眼睑或下肢水肿症状的风险不断增加,OR值均大于1,体重指数≥24 kg/m^(2)是引发尿频/尿急/排尿痛、眼睑或下肢水肿的危险因素(P<0.05),长期居住在农村的人群出现小便带血的危险更小(OR=0.79,P<0.05),出现尿道分泌物的危险随着文化程度的提高而不断降低,确诊糖尿病、使用止痛剂(布洛芬/保泰松/消炎痛等)、饮食口味偏重(喜食腌晒/熏烤/油炸/辛辣食品)、长期干重体力活(搬运重物/挖掘/扫雪/砍柴等)、熬夜(睡眠时间<8 h)是尿频/尿急/排尿痛、尿道分泌物、小便带血、眼睑或下肢水肿4种泌尿系统症状出现的危险因素(P<0.05)。长期饮酒是尿频/尿急/排尿痛症状出现的危险因素(OR=1.02,P<0.05)。结论:个人特征、糖尿病、生活饮食习惯、用药史、体力活动会对泌尿系统症状的发生带来一定影响。Objective:To investigate the influencing factors of urinary system symptoms in urban and rural residents aged 35 years old and above in Anhui province.Methods:A total of 19339 residents aged 35 years old and above were selected from 19 counties(districts)of 9 cities in Anhui Province by multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method.Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of urinary system symptoms.Results:There were statistically significant differences among different gender,age,long-term residence,body mass index and education level in the other 3 symptoms except urinary secretions(P<0.05).Binary logistic regression analysis model showed that with the increase of age,the risk of frequent urination/urgent urination/painful urination,eyelid or lower limb edema increased,OR values were all>1.Body mass index≥24 kg/m^(2) was the risk factor of frequent urination/urgent urination/painful urination,eyelid or lower limb edema(P<0.05).People who lived in rural areas for a long time had a lower risk of blood urination(OR=0.79,P<0.05).The risk of urinary secretions decreased with the improvement of education level(P<0.05).Diagnosed diabetes,use of analgesics(ibuprofen/butazon/indola,etc.),heavy dietary taste was(like to eat pickled/smoked/fried/spicy food),long-term heavy physical work(carrying heavy objects/digging/clearing snow/chopping wood,etc.),and sleep time<8 h were the risk factors of these four urinary symptoms(P<0.05).Long-term drinking was a risk factor for frequent urination/urgent urination/painful urination symptoms(OR=1.02,P<0.05).Conclusion:Personal characteristics,diabetes mellitus,dietary habits,medication history and physical activity have a certain influence on the occurrence of urinary system symptoms.

关 键 词：泌尿系统症状 泌尿系统 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]