华北典型针叶混交林林下更新影响因素分析  

Influencing Factors of Understory Renewal in Typical Coniferous Mixed Forests in Northern China

作　　者：张泽鑫 蔡有柱 赵丽娟 左亚凡 程唱 贺康宁[1] ZHANG Ze-xin;CAI You-zhu;ZHAO Li-juan;ZUO Ya-fan;CHENG Chang;HE Kang-ning(School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Baoku Forest Farm,Datong Hui-Tu Autonomous County,Xining 810016,Qinghai,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [2]大通回族土族自治县宝库林场,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2024年第3期35-41,共7页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：青海省重点研发与转化计划(2022-SF-160)。

摘　　要：天然更新在维持森林稳定性与森林群落动态变化方面发挥重要作用,探究其相关影响因素,为促进研究区林下更新提供科学依据。以庞泉沟自然保护区云杉华北落叶松混交林为对象,基于灰色关联度方法从林分结构、立地条件两方面探究影响混交林林下更新的关键因素。结果表明:1)华北落叶松与云杉的混交林中,云杉幼苗351株、幼树172株,华北落叶松仅有幼苗39株、幼树36株,云杉的更新能力较强;2)华北落叶松、云杉混交林天然更新的影响因子关联度排序为树种组成>海拔>大小比>角尺度>林分密度>林龄>坡向>郁闭度>混交度>坡度;整体上看,天然更新对林分结构和立地因子均有显著响应,其中树种组成是影响天然更新的最主要林分非空间结构因子,海拔是影响天然更新的最主要立地因子,大小比、角尺度是影响天然更新的主要林分空间结构因子。因此,在调整未来林分时,可通过优化林分结构来促使云杉、华北落叶松混交林天然更新,从而提高林分稳定性。Natural regeneration plays an important role in maintaining forest stability and forest community dynamics,and exploring its related influencing factors can provide scientific basis for promoting understory regeneration in the study area.In this paper,the mixed forest of Larix principis-rupprechtii,and Picea spp.(P.wilsonii,and P.meyeri)occurring in the Pangquangou Nature Reserve was selected as the research object.Key factors affecting the understory renewal of the forest were analyzed from two aspects:stand structure and site conditions based on the gray correlation method.The results showed that 1)in the mixed forest of L.principis-rupprechtii and Picea spp.,351 seedlings and 172 saplings of Picea spp.were found per hectare,and only 39 seedlings and 36 saplings of L.principis-rupprechtii per hectare were found,indicating the strong renewal ability of Picea spp.2)The relational degrees of the factors influencing the natural renewal of the mixed forest were in the order of composition of the tree species>elevation>size ratio>angle scale>stand density>forest age>attenuation>canopy density>mixed angle>slope.On the whole,natural regeneration had a significant response to stand structure and site factors,among them,tree species composition was the most important stand non-spatial structural factor affecting natural regeneration,altitude was the most important standing factor affecting natural regeneration,and size ratio and angular scale were the main stand spatial structural factors affecting natural regeneration.In the future stand adjustment,the renewal of L.principis-rupprechtii and Picea spp.mixed forest can be promoted by optimizing stand structure,so as to increase the stand stability.

关 键 词：天然更新 林分稳定性 立地条件 林分结构 灰色关联度 

分 类 号：S791[农业科学—林木遗传育种]