18种城市园林树种光合耐脱水能力及抗旱性综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Photosynthetic Desiccation Tolerance and Drought Resistance of 18 Urban Tree Species

作　　者：迟天淇 袁家梁 李秧秧[2] CHI Tian-qi;YUAN Jia-liang;LI Yang-yang(College of Forestry,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨陵712100 [2]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2024年第3期102-109,共8页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：中国科学院先导性项目B类子课题(XDB20020202)。

摘　　要：随着未来全球气候变化导致的温度上升和蒸气压亏缺增加,筛选耐旱性强的城市园林树种对城市绿化具有十分重要的意义。本研究比较18种城市园林树种的叶光合耐脱水能力(脱水曲线上PSⅡ潜在量子效率开始下降时对应的相对含水量,RWC_(crit))的差异及与叶形态(叶面积、比叶质量、叶干物质含量、叶厚度和叶密度)、解剖结构(气孔密度、气孔长、气孔指数及上表皮、下表皮、栅栏组织、海绵组织、维管束鞘厚度及占横截面面积的比例)的关系和18种园林树种的抗旱能力。结果表明,18种树种的RWC_(crit)在30.2%~58.0%,平均值为44.7%,18种树种的光合耐脱水能力RWC_(crit)与叶面积呈显著正相关,与叶横截面下表皮面积所占比例呈显著负相关,18种园林树种的RWC_(crit)与其综合抗旱能力变化趋势一致。研究结果表明,RWC_(crit)可以作为耐旱性指标预测园林树种的耐旱性,对未来城市耐旱树种筛选和合理经营有一定价值。With the rise of temperature and deficit of vapor pressure caused by global climate change in the future,it is of great significancejavascript:void(0);to select drought-tolerant urban tree species for urban greening.Eighteen urban tree species were used to investigate the difference of leaf photosynthetic desiccation tolerance(leaf relative water content corresponding to the initial decrease of potential quantum efficiency of PSⅡduring the dehydration process,RWC_(crit))and their relationship with leaf morphology(leaf area,mass per area,dry matter content,thickness and density)and anatomical traits(stomatal density,length and index;thickness and area proportion of adaxial epidermis,abaxial epidermis,palisade tissue,spongy tissue and vascular bundles in the cross-section).The results exhibited that the RWC_(crit) of 18 urban tree species ranged from 30.2%to 58.0%with an average of 44.7%.The RWC_(crit) was significantly and positively correlated with leaf area,and significantly and negatively correlated with the proportion of lower epidermis area in leaf cross-section,and the RWC_(crit) values of 18 urban tree species were consistent with their comprehensive drought resistance.Therefore,RWC_(crit) can be applied to predict the drought-tolerant of urban tree species to a certain extent.The results are valuable for the selection of drought-tolerant urban tree species and rational management in the future.

关 键 词：园林树种 光合耐旱性 叶相对含水量 形态解剖结构 

分 类 号：S731.2[农业科学—林学]