基于电流特征分析的五相电机驱动系统单相故障诊断仿真实验  

Simulation experiment on single-phase fault diagnosis of a five-phase motor drive system based on current signature analysis

作　　者：刘龙浩 张厚升[1] 蒋俊杰 靳舵 王傲 赵翔宇 邢雪宁[1] LIU Longhao;ZHANG Housheng;JIANG Junjie;JIN Duo;WANG Ao;ZHAO Xiangyu;XING Xuening(School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学电气与电子工程学院,山东淄博255000

出　　处：《实验技术与管理》2024年第4期109-117,共9页Experimental Technology and Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(62076152);山东省本科高校教学改革研究重点项目(Z2023214);2023年山东省研究生优质教育教学资源项目(SDJAL2023017);山东理工大学揭榜挂帅项目(4003/123023);山东理工大学研究生教育教学改革研究项目(4053/222050)。

摘　　要：随着仿真软件的快速发展,虚拟仿真实验已成为高校教学中的重要组成部分。为了提高学生的系统建模分析能力,实现电机驱动系统的安全可靠运行,针对五相永磁同步电机(FPMSM)驱动系统单相开路故障问题,提出了一种基于电流特征分析的故障诊断定位方法,并利用MATLAB/Simulink仿真软件进行验证。首先,研究根据故障前后三次谐波平面电流的不同表现特征,依次使用有效值计算、均方根等方法处理三次谐波平面电流,提取故障信号。其次,利用反正切函数求取的故障相位角以及滑动采样获取的符号信息进行故障定位、隔离,克服因谐波污染造成的诊断短时失效问题。最后,搭建Simulink仿真模型并进行相应分析。结果表明,所提的故障诊断算法能够快速准确地实现FPMSM驱动系统单相开路故障诊断,避免因故障长时间存在而产生的系统二次损伤及生产事故问题,为后续容错操作及故障后系统持续稳定运行奠定基础。同时,该研究为电机控制类高校虚拟教学实验提供了一个潜在案例,具有较高的理论与实用价值。[Objective]The widespread integration of motor drive devices as the core of transportation,aerospace,and various key applications has garnered widespread attention from academia toward the development of fault diagnosis algorithms for drive systems.Presently,a multitude of viable diagnostic algorithms exists to address the single-phase open-circuit fault in five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor drive systems.However,the complexity of model analysis and uncertainties surrounding intelligent algorithms have relegated these methods to the domain of theoretical research,hindering their broad practical application and posing significant challenges for integration into university teaching experiments.Despite the favorability of diagnostic methods based on signal characterization due to their simplicity and efficiency,these methods are limited by harmonic contamination and short-term diagnosis failure.Addressing these limitations,this study develops a fault diagnosis and localization method based on current characterization,with the aim of mitigating these issues by considering different characteristics,such as sudden amplitude and phase changes in the third harmonic current following the fault.[Methods]The proposed fault diagnosis and localization method includes several key steps.First,the phase current sampling signal undergoes filtering to remove high harmonic components,followed by the calculation using Clarke’s coordinate transformation matrix to determine iα3 and iβ3 in the orthogonal stationary coordinate system.Then,the fault judgment signal G0 is derived through root mean square calculations,marking the completion of the signal preprocessing process.Next,the study sets a reasonable threshold to determine the fault occurrence based on the amplitude change shown by the G0 signal post-fault.Additionally,the implementation of self-increment or zero-setting operations,achieved by manipulation of the counting variable h,serves to mitigate the influence of external interference on the motor under specific

关 键 词：五相永磁同步电机 故障诊断 电流特征分析 MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]