铜纳米修饰电极的制备及电化学葡萄糖和亚硝酸盐的测定  

Preparation and application of the copper nanostructure-modified electrode in the electrochemical quantitative analysis of glucose and nitrite

作　　者：常静 张立兵[1] 李轶 张瑞中[1] CHANG Jing;ZHANG Libing;LI Yi;ZHANG Ruizhong(Department of Chemistry,School of Science,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Education,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学理学院化学系,天津300072 [2]天津大学化学化工国家级实验教学示范中心,天津300072

出　　处：《实验技术与管理》2024年第4期170-176,共7页Experimental Technology and Management

基　　金：2021年天津大学本科教育教学改革研究项目(天大校教[2021]30号);2023—2024年度天津大学实验室建设与管理改革项目(LAB2023-13)。

摘　　要：纳米结构材料由于具有独特的物理和化学性质,将其结合至电极表面可显著提高电化学反应的性能,而基于纳米结构修饰电极制备的高性能便携式传感器在环境保护、食品安全等领域具有广阔的应用前景。该实验以无需抛光打磨、可一次性使用的氧化铟锡(ITO)导电玻璃为基底工作电极,通过一步电沉积法制备了铜纳米修饰的ITO(Cu/ITO)电极。所制备的Cu/ITO电极可用于电化学葡萄糖和亚硝酸盐的高灵敏度、高选择性测定。该实验将最新的科研成果转换为“仪器分析实验”课程中的研究设计性实验,选择贴近生活的课题,并通过全方位的实验操作和训练,能够使学生了解纳米材料的制备方法、现代分析仪器的检测原理及应用领域。通过两种不同原理传感器的构建、性能测试和实际应用,能够使学生了解科学研究的基本流程,培养勤于思考、善于动手的科学精神,激发对科学研究的兴趣,全面提升科学素养和创新能力。[Objective]Nanomaterials are materials with nanoscale dimensions of 1–100 nm.Nanoscale structures or nanoscale features within a material are referred to as nanostructures.These structures can be engineered or naturally occurring and exhibit unique properties and behaviors due to their small size and large surface area-to-volume ratio.Examples of nanostructures include nanoparticles,nanowires,nanotubes,nanopores,and nanofilms.The manipulation and control of nanostructures have led to advancements in various fields,such as electronics,medicine,energy,and materials science,due to their improved properties and functionalities at the nanoscale level.A nanostructure-modified electrode for electrochemical sensing is an electrode surface intentionally modified or decorated with nanomaterials to enhance its electrochemical sensing capabilities.This modification involves integrating nanostructures onto the electrode surface,such as nanoparticles,nanowires,or nanofilms.[Methods]Incorporating nanomaterials onto the electrode surface provides several advantages for electrochemical sensing.First,the large surface area-to-volume ratio of nanostructures allows increased active surface area,facilitating more efficient electrochemical reactions and improving sensitivity.Second,nanomaterials can exhibit unique properties,such as high catalytic activity or specific selectivity toward certain analytes,which can enhance the detection performance and selectivity of the sensor.Moreover,the nanoscale dimensions of these structures can enable faster mass transport of analytes to the electrode surface,leading to improved response times.Nanostructures with unique physical and chemical properties can significantly enhance the performance of electrochemical reactions when combined with electrode surfaces.High-performance portable sensors prepared by modifying electrodes with nanostructures have broad application prospects in environmental monitoring,healthcare diagnostics,and food safety.[Results]In this experiment,indium tin oxide(ITO)con

关 键 词：铜纳米结构 电化学沉积 葡萄糖 亚硝酸盐 电化学定量分析 

分 类 号：O657.15[理学—分析化学]