网络热词“X精”的来源、语义及其派生规律  

The 0rigin,Semantics and Derivation of Internet Catchwords“X-jing(X精)”

作　　者：刘殊墨 Liu Shumo(College of International Education,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国际学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《现代语文》2024年第3期71-75,共5页Modern Chinese

摘　　要：近些年来,接连上榜年度“十大流行语”的“戏精”“杠精”“柠檬精”,都属于“X精”族群成员,它们均由负载与事者某类特征信息的“X”和表某一类人(具有某一特征)的“精”加合构成。流行于网络平台的“X精”并不是近年才新造的,它是通过继承既有词语的结构特点,再通过复制与类推派生而来的。由于“X精”中的“精”之语义偏离与泛化,使得能够进入“X”的内容逐渐扩展,随机、偶发的临时性造词不断涌现。在语法方面,“X精”也拓展出一些谓词性的用法。这些新造词和零星的新现象能否被大众广泛接受,成为“沉淀”的语言,仍有待于实践与时间的双重检验。“Xijing(戏精)”,“Gangjing(杠精)”and“Ningmengjing(柠檬精)”,which have successively been listed as the top ten catchwords of recent years,are all members of“X-jing(X精)”.They are all composed of“X”which containing some kind of characteristic information of the participants and“jing(精)”which representing a certain kind of person(with a certain characteristic).The“X-jing(X精)”become popular in internetwork in recent years but it is not a new creation,it comes from the inheritance of the existing vocabulary structure characteristics,and then through replication and analogy.Nowadays,due to the semantic deviation and generalization of“jing(精)”in“X-jing(X精)”,the information which can enter“X”is constantly expanding,and nonce words is increasing.In grammar,“X-jing(X精)”also developed some predicative usages.However,whether these new words,new grammatical phenomena can be accepted by the public,and can be solidify in language,will be tested by time.

关 键 词：“精” “X精” 语法化 词语模 派生构词 

分 类 号：H136[语言文字—汉语]