试论场地污染水文地质学  

Discussion on the site contamination hydrogeology

作　　者：赵勇胜[1] ZHAO Yongsheng(National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology,Jilin University,Changchun,Jilin 130021,China)

机构地区：[1]石油化工污染场地控制与修复技术国家地方联合工程实验室/吉林大学,吉林长春130021

出　　处：《水文地质工程地质》2024年第3期222-228,共7页Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42072270)。

摘　　要：随着地下水污染问题越来越受到重视,小尺度场地水文地质工作需求日益强烈。污染场地对水文地质工作的要求具有特殊性,具体包括:(1)小尺度,高分辨率;(2)既要研究污染物泄漏的污染过程,也要研究修复状态下的污染物去除过程;(3)特别需要关注注入含水层的修复剂流体(气体、液体、胶体、微生物等)与地层介质、目标污染物的作用。而传统大尺度的水文地质学难以完全满足上述工作的实际需求。地下水污染场地的控制与修复需要多学科协同,其中水文地质学最为关键。因此,有必要提出水文地质与环境工程学科交叉的“场地污染水文地质学”,以适应地下水污染场地的风险管理的实际需求。文章重点论述了场地污染水文地质学小尺度地层结构与污染羽的刻画、“污染物—水—岩”作用的定量描述以及非均质地层中污染物在多相体系中的作用和影响等,提出了场地污染水文地质学的主要研究内容和需要解决的关键问题,包括:(1)小尺度下场地高分辨率刻画;(2)污染过程和修复过程中污染物在地下环境中的物理、化学和生物作用的定量描述;(3)场地尺度污染物在地下环境介质中的迁移转化;(4)修复剂(助剂)在地下环境中的传输与反应;(5)非均质与低渗透地层污染的控制与修复。With the increasing attention paid to groundwater contamination issues,the increasing demand was needed for small-scale site contamination hydrogeological work.The site contamination hydrogeological work has some particularities,which includes small scale,high resolution,and not only studying of contamination processes with the source leakage,but also studying of contaminant removal under the remediation state.Especially the transportation and reactions in the aquifer for in situ injected fluids(gases,liquids and microbes)of remediation agents need to be concerned greatly.The traditional large-scale hydrogeological work is difficult to meet the special needs above,therefore,it is necessary to propose“site contamination hydrogeology”for site-scale groundwater pollution risk management.This paper focuses on the characterization of stratigraphic media and pollution plumes in small-scale contaminated site,quantitative description of the pollutant-water-rock reactions,and the role and influence of pollutants in heterogeneous strata in multiphase systems.Finally,the main research content and key issues for site contamination hydrogeology were proposed,including:high-resolution characterization of sites at small scales,quantitative description of the physical,chemical,and biological reactions of pollutants in the underground environment during pollution and remediation processes,the migration and transformation of pollutants at the site scale in underground environmental media,transport and reaction of remediation agents(additives)in underground environments,and the pollution control and remediation in heterogeneous and low-permeability formations.

关 键 词：场地污染水文地质学 小尺度 非均质含水层 修复剂流体 多相体系作用 

分 类 号：P641.69[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]