海军官兵心理健康状况调查与分析  

Investigation and analysis of the mental health of naval officers and soldiers

作　　者：韦晓亮 柏涌海 任攀 史开天 张懿 刘涛生 Wei Xiaoliang;Bai Yonghai;Ren Pan;Shi Kaitian;Zhang Yi;Liu Taosheng(Department of Psychiatry,Faculty of Psychology,Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]海军军医大学心理系精神医学教研室,上海200433 [2]海军军医大学第二附属医院医学心理科 [3]海军第九二九医院医学心理科

出　　处：《海军医学杂志》2024年第4期376-381,共6页Journal of Navy Medicine

基　　金：“十四五”网信规划重点项目(145AWX200020011X);海军军事理论科研计划(202058‑80);国家社科基金重点项目(2022‑SKJJ‑B‑041);院所科研协作项目(2023‑TQ‑LC‑013)。

摘　　要：目的调查海军官兵的心理健康状况,并分析其影响因素,为制定有效的心理干预措施提供数据支撑。方法采用一般健康问卷(GHQ-12),于2021年10-11月抽样调查5336名海军官兵。运用SPSS 26.0软件进行描述性统计、卡方检验及回归分析。结果回收有效问卷5102份,有效率95.61%;GHQ-12评分为(0.55±1.18)分,心理健康高危人群占比3.06%。卡方检验显示,不同年龄、受教育程度、婚姻状况、家庭经济、家庭关系、成长家庭、近亲心理疾病史、成长期间遭遇重大变故、爱好特长、近期工作压力及近期人际关系的心理健康状况分布差异有统计学意义(P≤0.001);回归分析显示,年龄(P=0.006)、家庭关系(P<0.001)、家庭经济(P=0.010)、成长期间遭遇重大变故(P<0.001)、近期工作压力(P<0.001)、近期人际关系(P<0.001)是海军官兵心理健康问题的主要影响因素。结论海军官兵心理健康状况总体良好,仍有部分官兵存在心理健康问题;海军官兵心理健康状况受多种因素影响,要着重关注官兵年龄、教育、家庭、成长经历、压力感受及人际关系异常带来的心理健康问题。Objective To investigate the mental health and influencing factors of naval officers and soldiers,and provide data support for formulating effective psychological intervention measures.Methods The 12‑item general health questionnaire(GHQ‑12)was used to conduct a sample survey among 5336 naval officers and soldiers from October to November 2021.SPSS 26.0 software,chi‑square test and regression analysis were used for descriptive statistics.Results A total of 5102(95.61%)valid questionnaires were collected.The average GHQ‑12 score was 0.55±1.18,and the proportion of high‑risk individuals for mental health was 3.06%.Chi‑square test showed that there were significant differences in the distribution of mental health status among interviewees with different ages,education levels,marriage status,family economy,family relationship,growing family,history of mental diseases among close relatives,major changes encountered during growth,hobbies and specialties,recent work pressure and recent interpersonal relationship(P≤0.001).Regression analysis showed that age(P=0.006),family relationship(P<0.001),family economy(P=0.010),major changes encountered during growth(P<0.001),recent work stress(P<0.001)and recent interpersonal relationship(P<0.001)were main influencing factors for mental health of naval officers and soldiers.Conclusion The mental health of naval officers and soldiers was generally good,but some individuals still have mental health problems,which are affected by many factors.It is necessary to pay more attention to the mental health problems caused by their age,education,family,growth experience,stress and interpersonal relationship.

关 键 词：海军官兵 一般健康问卷(GHQ-12) 心理健康问题 影响因素 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]