燕麦镰刀菌HY-041可湿性粉剂的制备及除草研究  

Preparation of Fusarium avenaceum HY-041 Wettable Powder and Herbicidal Activity Study

作　　者：张乐 李欢 李祥 朱海霞[1,2,3] ZHANG Le;LI Huan;LI Xiang;ZHU Hai-xia(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences of Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai Province 810016,China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Xining in Ministry of Agriculture,Xining,Qinghai Province 810016,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management in Qinghai Province,Xining,Qinghai Province 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院,青海西宁810016 [2]农业部西宁作物有害生物科学观测实验站,青海西宁810016 [3]青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《草地学报》2024年第5期1650-1656,共7页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：青海省科技厅国际合作专项(2023-HZ-808)资助。

摘　　要：本研究以具有高效除草活性的生防菌株燕麦镰刀菌(Fusarium avenaceum)HY-041为研究对象,通过单因素与正交组合试验设计,筛选出了HY-041菌株的最适产孢基质及最优基质配方;通过对载体及助剂的筛选,进行了可湿性粉剂的初步研制,并测定了可湿性粉剂对杂草藜(Chenopodium album)、密花香薷(Elsholtzia densa)、猪殃殃(Galium spurium)的致病性。结果表明:HY-041菌株的最适产孢单一基质为麦麸;最适基质配方组合为麦秆糠18.3 g,麦麸18.3 g,菜籽饼0.8 g,玉米粉12.2 g;最适载体为硅藻土,稳定剂为白炭黑,分散剂为羧甲基纤维素钠,保护剂为腐殖酸。盆栽杂草致病性结果显示,HY-041可湿性粉剂对盆栽杂草致病性表现为猪殃殃(G.spurium)>藜(C.album)>密花香薷(E.densa)。因此,本研究所制备的燕麦镰刀菌(F.avenaceum)HY-041可湿性粉剂,可作为有效控制猪殃殃(G.spurium)等杂草的生物制剂。In this study,Fusarium HY-041,a biocontrol strain with high herbicidal activity,was used as the research object,and the most suitable spore-producing substrate and the optimal substrate formulation of F.avenaceum were screened out through the experimental design of single-factor and orthogonal combinations;the preliminary development of wettable powder was carried out through the screening of carriers and auxiliaries,and the pathogenicity of the wettable powder was determined against the common weeds Chenopodium.album,Elsholtzia densa,and Galium spurium in Qinghai province.The results showed that the optimum spore-producing single substrate for strain HY-041 was wheat bran;the optimum combination of substrate formulations was 18.3 g of straw bran,18.3 g of wheat bran,0.8 g of rapeseed cake,and 12.2 g of maize flour;the optimum carrier was diatomaceous earth,the stabiliser was silica,the dispersant was sodium carboxymethylcellulose,and the protective agent was humic acid.The results showed that the pathogenicity of HY-041 wettable powder on potted weeds was G.spurium>C.album>E.densa.Therefore,F.avenaceum HY-041 wettable powder developed in this experiment can be used as a biological herbicide for effective control of weeds such as G.spurium.

关 键 词：燕麦镰刀菌HY-041 固体基质 载体及助剂 致病性 可湿性粉剂 

分 类 号：S451.1[农业科学—植物保护]