日本地震应急救援体制机制研究及其对我国的启示——以2024年日本能登半岛地震为案例  

Study on the System and Mechanism of Earthquake Emergency Rescue in Japan and Its Enlightenment to China--a Case Study of Noto Peninsula M7.6 Earthquake in Japan in 2024

作　　者：顾林生 Gu Linsheng

机构地区：[1]四川省地震预警与应急研究会

出　　处：《中国应急救援》2024年第3期64-75,共12页China Emergency Rescue

摘　　要：2024年1月1日16时10分,日本石川县能登半岛附近发生震级7.6、烈度7的强震。本文从日本全国瞬时警报系统、紧急地震速报、NHK应急广播等方面介绍地震应急响应的信息传播机制。通过对日本总理府和各部门应急响应启动机制的梳理,分析了重特大地震灾害发生时的“官邸统筹指挥领导,部门专业救援救助”的应急救援机制。最后,从6个方面分析对我国的启示。At 4:10 p.m.on January 1,2024,a strong earthquake with magnitude of 7.6 and intensity of 7 occurred near Noto Peninsula,Ishikawa Prefecture,Japan.This thesis introduces the information dissemination mechanism of earthquake emergency response from the national instantaneous warning system,emergency earthquake rapid report and NHK emergency broadcasting in Japan.By sorting out the emergency response initiation mechanism of the Japanese Prime Minister’s Office and various departments,this thesis analyzes the emergency rescue mechanism of“overall command and leadership by the official residence,professional rescue and rescue by the department”when a major earthquake disaster occurs.Finally,this article analyses the enlightenment to China from 6 aspects.

关 键 词：日本能登半岛地震 全国瞬时报警 紧急地震预警 应急救援 

分 类 号：P315.9[天文地球—地震学]