谷子风筛式清选装置设计与试验  

Design and experimental of a wind sieve type cleaning device for cereals

作　　者：张紫恒 陶桂香[1] 衣淑娟[1] 王帏 岳晴 李睿 Zhang Ziheng;Tao Guixiang;Yi Shujuan;Wang Wei;Yue Qing;Li Rui(College of Engineering,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing,163319,China;College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan,030002,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学工程学院,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]太原理工大学机械与运载工程学院,太原市030002

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2024年第6期119-127,共9页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52275246);黑龙江省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202110223031)。

摘　　要：针对谷子清选机械清选小籽粒效率困难、清选率低,现有的谷子清选装置采用手动操作实现不同规格、不同作物的不同筛分速度、操作复杂,不易调整到理想的速度和长度等问题,设计一种谷子风筛式清选装置及风量风速监测系统。对清选装置关键部件的参数进行设计计算,建立清选机三维模型。对风量风速监测系统进行设计,实现风筛式清选装置的风量风速的远程监控,可以通过参数精确调整使风机的风速达到装置清选的最优效果。为获得最佳的清选装置性能参数,以曲柄转速、风机转速为试验因素,以籽粒含杂率、清选损失率为评价指标,进行二因素五水平二次正交旋转组合试验。确定最佳参数组合:当曲柄转速为225 r/min、风机转速为915 r/min时,籽粒含杂率为2.42%,清选损失率为2.77%。对优化结果进行验证试验,验证结果与优化结果基本一致。Aiming at the problems such as difficult efficiency and low cleaning rate of small grain cleaning,manual operation of the existing grain cleaning device to achieve different sizes,different crops of different screening speed,complicated operation,not easy to adjust to the ideal speed and length,a grain air sieve cleaning device and air volume and wind speed monitoring system were designed.The parameters of the key components of the cleaning device were designed and calculated,and the three-dimensional model of the cleaning machine was established.The air volume and wind speed monitoring system was designed to realize the remote monitoring of the air volume and wind speed of the air screen cleaning device,and the optimal effect of the wind speed of the fan could be achieved through the accurate adjustment of parameters.In order to obtain the best performance parameters of the cleaning device,with the cranking speed and fan speed as test factors,and grain impurity content and cleaning loss rate as evaluation indicators,a two-factor,five-level quadratic orthogonal rotational combination test was carried out to determine the best parameter combination.When the crank speed was 225 r/min and the fan speed was 915 r/min,the grain impurity content was just 2.42% and the cleaning loss rate was 2.77%.The verification experiment was carried out on the optimization results,and the verification results were basically consistent with the optimization results.

关 键 词：谷子 风筛式清选装置 监测系统 结构设计 

分 类 号：S226.5[农业科学—农业机械化工程]