考虑表面粗糙度影响的低温涡轮泵特性与动静间隙流动分析  

Cryogenic Turbopump Performance under the Effects of Surface Roughness and Analysis of Rotor-Stator Centripetal Flow

作　　者：卜学兵 付平 孙中国[1,2] 席光 BU Xuebing;FU Ping;SUN Zhongguo;XI Guang(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;School of Future Technology,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,西安710049 [2]西安交通大学未来技术学院,西安710049

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2024年第6期77-89,共13页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51922085)

摘　　要：为分析低温涡轮泵过流部件表面粗糙度对其性能特性的影响,阐明表面粗糙度对涡轮泵动静间隙流场的影响机制,选择增材制造闭式叶轮涡轮氧泵为研究对象,在考虑低温介质热力学效应影响的前提下,采用液氮作为增压输送介质,对涡轮泵低温性能开展实验测试和数值计算。研究结果表明:在13 500~26 000 r/min转速范围内,相较于光滑壁面,考虑过流部件表面粗糙度后,采用液氮作为模拟介质得到的涡轮氧泵数值计算结果与实验测试数据吻合较好;随着离心叶轮及蜗壳等主流表面粗糙度从光滑壁面增加至36μm,涡轮氧泵扬程及效率分别下降了9.1%、10.6%;随着动静间隙过流部件表面粗糙度从0增加至20μm,涡轮泵叶轮轴向力合力系数显著降低了25.8%。研究结果对后续深入揭示表面粗糙度对低温涡轮泵动静间隙流场特性影响规律以及过流部件表面质量分区控制具有重要借鉴意义及参考价值。To analyze the effects of surface roughness of flow passage component on cryogenic turbopump performance and explain the influence mechanism of surface roughness on rotor-stator centripetal flow,a cryogenic turbopump made of shrouded impeller produced by additive manufacturing is selected as the research object,and the experimental tests and numerical calculations on the performance of cryogenic turbopump are carried out taking into consideration the influence of thermodynamic effects and using liquid nitrogen as the pressurizing and conveying medium.The results show that when the test working condition is in the range of 13500 to 26000 r/min,the values of outlet pressure and temperature rise obtained by numerical calculation are fitted with the test data after considering the effects of the surface roughness,compared with the numerical results obtained from smooth wall setting.As the values of the impeller and volute surface roughness increase to 36μm,the head coefficient and efficiency decrease by 9.1%and 10.6%,respectively.The axial thrust acting on the impeller decreases significantly by 25.8%,after increasing the values of the rotor-stator surface roughness from 0 to 20μm.The study provides a theoretical foundation for revealing the influence of surface roughness on cryogenic turbopump flow characteristics and zoned controlling the surface quality of the turbopump flow passage components.

关 键 词：涡轮泵 表面粗糙度 动静间隙 热力学效应 轴向力 

分 类 号：V434[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]