基于社区生活圈的昆明市老城区公园可达性分析与口袋公园规划策略研究  

Research on Park Accessibility Analysis and Pocket Park Planning Strategies in Old Urban Areas of Kunming City Based on Community Life Circle

作　　者：杨腾宇 车震宇 游智明 YANG Tengyu;CHE Zhenyu;YOU Zhiming(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming,Yunnan,China,650500)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学建筑与城市规划学院,昆明650500

出　　处：《园林》2024年第6期82-89,共8页Landscape Architecture Academic Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“跨国文化线路视野下滇越铁路乡村站点聚落的形态基因与活化利用研究”(编号:52268005)。

摘　　要：口袋公园作为公园绿地的有效补充,能够改善高密度城区绿地供给不足的情况,提升居民享受绿地服务的机会。以昆明市口袋公园建设为例,采用土地调查中的公园数据结合实地调研定位现状公园,将交通连接及POI大数据引入社区生活圈划定和可达性测度。利用改进后的高斯两步移动搜索法,对现状公园绿地的供需比和可达性进行测算,并分析不同层级社区生活圈的公园绿地供给情况。结果表明:(1)昆明市老城区内15 min社区生活圈的面积在1.53~3.13 km^(2),人口规模在48636~95737人;5~10 min社区生活圈的面积在0.31~1.81 km^(2),人口规模在10000~34390人。(2)各层级社区生活圈内公园绿地分布不均衡、供需不匹配。在15 min层级,公园绿地可达性较好的社区生活圈占比28.57%;在5~10 min层级,公园绿地可达性较好的社区生活圈仅占21.64%。最后,针对不同类型的社区生活圈,结合口袋公园的选址位置,从15 min和5~10 min两个层面提出新增公共绿地布局、精准有效补偿,消除服务盲区、注重人口差异,提升公园品质和服务质量等策略,以期为昆明市社区生活圈建设和口袋公园规划提供参考。As an effective supplement to parks and green spaces,pocket parks can improve the insufficient supply of green spaces in high-density urban areas and enhance the opportunities for residents to enjoy green space services.Taking the construction of pocket parks in Kunming as an example,park data from land surveys combined withfield research to locate the current parks,introducing transportation connectivity and POI big data into the delineation of community living circles and accessibility measurement,using the improved Gaussian two-step mobile search method to measure the supply-demand ratio and accessi-bility of the current parks’green space and analyze the supply of parks’green space in the different tiers of community living circles.The results show that:(1)The area of 15 min community living circle within the old urban area of Kunming City ranges from 1.53~3.13 km^(2),and the population size ranges from 48636~95737 people;the area of 5~10 min community living circle ranges from 0.31~1.81 km^(2),and the population size ranges from 10000~34390 people.(2)Uneven distribution and mismatch between supply and demand of park green spaces within each level of the community living circle.In the 15 min tier,28.57% of neighborhood living areas have better access to park greenspace;in the 5~10 min tier,only 21.64% have better access.Finally,for different types of community living circles,combined with the location of pocket parks,the strategies of pocket park planning such as new public green space layout,precise and adequate compensation,elimination of service blind zones,focusing on population differences,and improving the quality of the parks and the quality of service are proposed from the 15 min and 5~10 min levels,to provide references to the construction of the community living circles in Kunming City and the planning of pocket parks.

关 键 词：社区生活圈 口袋公园 可达性 规划策略 昆明市老城区 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]