不同生境光梗蒺藜草对非生物胁迫的生理响应研究  

Physiological Responses of Cenchrus incertus to Abiotic Stress in Different Habitats

作　　者：杜超 宝乌日嘎 哈斯巴根[1,2] 贺俊英 DU Chao;Baowuriga;Khasbagan;HE Junying(College of Life Science and Technology,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,China;Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Mongolian Plateau for College and University of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot 010022,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010022 [2]内蒙古自治区高等学校蒙古高原生物多样性保护与可持续利用重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2024年第5期52-60,共9页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2022LHMS03003,2023LHMS03037);内蒙古师范大学基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2022JBTD010,2023JBQN046)。

摘　　要：光梗蒺藜草(Cenchrus incertus)是我国北方主要外来入侵植物之一,对入侵地的生态环境及农牧业造成严重威胁。本研究对市区绿化林、农田和沙地3个不同生境的光梗蒺藜草种子进行采样,利用同质园实验方法培养获得光梗蒺藜草植株,对不同生境的光梗蒺藜草在各发育时期以及非生物胁迫条件下的生长状况及生理特征进行了分析。实验结果表明,不同生境的光梗蒺藜草在幼苗期、营养期、繁殖期的鲜重、叶绿素含量、丙二醛含量、超氧阴离子含量、过氧化氢酶活性、超氧化物歧化酶活性、过氧化物酶活性及脯氨酸含量均存在不同的变化趋势。在干旱胁迫和盐胁迫条件下,不同生境光梗蒺藜草的过氧化氢酶活性和超氧化物歧化酶活性均高于正常生长条件下的酶活性。隶属函数分析结果显示,市区绿化林光梗蒺藜草的抗旱性最高,而农田光梗蒺藜草的耐盐性最高。研究结果表明,光梗蒺藜草在适应不同生境的过程中形成了入侵生理可塑性,该生理可塑性可以通过调控抗氧化酶系统在其响应非生物胁迫过程中发挥作用,有助于光梗蒺藜草适应不同的入侵生境。Cenchrus incertus,a major invasive plant in northern China,poses a significant threat to local ecosystems,agriculture,and animal husbandry.This study aimed to investigate the physiological plasticity of Cenchrus incertus across three habitats:urban greening,farmland,and sandy land.Seeds collected from these habitats were cultivated in a common garden experiment to assess the growth parameters and physiological indices of resulting plants in various habitats at different developmental stages and under abiotic stress conditions.The results showed variations in fresh weight,chlorophyll content,malondialdehyde(MDA)content,superoxide anion content,catalase(CAT)activity,superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,peroxidase(POD)activity,and proline content of Cenchrus incertus plants from different habitats across seedling,vegetative,and reproduction stages.Under both drought and salt stress,CAT and SOD activities were higher compared to normal conditions in all habitat-derived plants.Membership function analysis revealed the highest drought tolerance in plants originating from urban greening and the highest salt tolerance in those from farmland.These findings suggest that Cenchrus incertus has developed heritable physiological plasticity during adaptation to diverse habitats.This plasticity,potentially mediated by the regulation of antioxidant enzyme system,plays a crucial role in enabling Cenchrus incertus to thrive across various invasive environments.

关 键 词：光梗蒺藜草 入侵植物 生理可塑性 非生物胁迫 抗氧化酶系统 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]