高温高湿环境下器械训练可有效促成热习服  

Equipment exercise in high temperatures and humidity environments promotes heat acclimation

作　　者：王丽萍 于立华 张慧变 施维茹 张岩 温冬青 王桂友 顾昭 涂磊 薛利豪 WANG Liping;YU Lihua;ZHANG Huibian;SHI Weiru;ZHANG Yan;WEN Dongqing;WANG Guiyou;GU Zhao;TU Lei;XUE Lihao(Department of High Altitude Physiology,Air Force Medical Center,Air Force Medical Univeisity,PLA,Beijing 100142;Department of Aeronautical Physiological Identification Tiaining Laboratory and General Demonstration Research Section of Aviation Medicine,Air Force Medical Center,Air Force Medical Univeisity,PLA,Beijing 100142,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学空军特色医学中心研究部高空生理研究室,北京100142 [2]空军军医大学空军特色医学中心研究部航空生理鉴定训练研究室,北京100142

出　　处：《空军航空医学》2024年第2期97-101,共5页AVIATION MEDICINE OF AIR FORCE

摘　　要：目的本研究通过监测训练过程中的人体生理指标,探讨高温高湿环境器械训练和高强度间歇训练(high-intensity interval training,HIIT)热习服方法是否能有效应对热应激。方法24名男性志愿者随机分为器械组、HIIT组和对照组。器械组连续10 d完成9次器械训练(90 min/次),HIIT组连续10 d完成9次HIIT训练(40 min/次),2组均在第6天休息。所有志愿者在习服前和习服后分别在环境为35℃、相对湿度70%的舱室内完成热应激测试。在热习服训练和热应激测试过程中,全程记录直肠温度、皮肤温度和心率。结果在习服后的热应激测试中器械组和HIIT组的直肠温度、平均皮肤温度和平均心率低于对照组和习服前热应激测试(P<0.05);在热习服训练中,器械组的直肠温度在第3天开始下降,第5~10天基本下降到一定水平(38.1℃~38.2℃)后保持不变,而HIIT组的直肠温度在第8天下降,第8~10天维持在38.4℃~38.5℃;HIIT组出汗率高于器械组(t=2.289~4.795,P≤0.001~0.038),但组内出汗率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);通过逐步多元线性回归分析,得到多元线性回归方程:T_(2)=0.301+0.984 T1+0.01 HRmax(R^(2)=0.578,P<0.001)。结论器械训练可有效提高人体对热应激的耐受性,为进一步提高飞行员耐热能力提供可行性措施。Objective To find out whether the equipment training and high-intensity interval training(HIIT)methods can resist heat stress effectively by monitoring the physiological indicators of the human body during training.Methods Twenty-four male volunteers were assigned randomly to the equipment group(EQUIP),high-intensity interval training group(HIIT);and the non-acclimated control group(CON),respectively.The equipment group completed nine(training for 10 minutes on each equipment)equipment training sessions(90 minutes,35℃and 70%RH)while the HIIT group accomplished eight(8 exercises,triplicate training for each exercise)HIIT training sessions(40 minutes,35℃and 70%RH)for ten consecutive days.Both groups rested on the sixth day and all participants completed heat stress tests(HST)at 35℃and 70%RH before(HST1)and after(HST^(2))training sessions.Throughout training sessions and HST,the rectal temperature(Tre),skin temperature(Tsk)and heart rate(HR)were recorded.Results It was found that the Tre,average Tsk and average HR of the equipment group and the HIIT group at HST^(2) were significantly lower than those at CON and HST1(P<0.05).During the training sessions,the Tre of the equipment group began to decrease significantly on the 3rd day and remained unchanged from the 5th to the 10th day(38.1℃~38.2℃).However,the Tre of the HIIT group decreased significantly on the 8th day,and remained between 38.4℃~38.5℃from the 8th to 10th day.The HIIT group had a higher rate of perspiration than the equipment group(t=2.289~4.795,P≤0.001~0.038),but there was no difference in this rate within the group(P>0.05).Analysis led to the mathematical equation:T_(2)=0.301+0.984 T1+0.01 HRmax(R^(2)=0.578,P<0.001).Conclusion Equipment training can effectively improve the tolerance of the human body to heat stress,and provide feasible measures for improving heat tolerance of pilots.

关 键 词：热习服 器械训练 高强度间歇训练 热耐受力 

分 类 号：R339.5[医药卫生—人体生理学] R339.6[医药卫生—基础医学]