内蒙古黄旗海自然保护区鸟类种类组成及分布特点分析  

Analysis of Bird Species Composition and Distribution Characteristics of Birds in Huangqihai Nature Reserve of Inner Mongolia

作　　者：满都毕力格 吴玉泉 宝金财 赵格日乐图 王海宝 Mandbilig;WU Yuquan;BAO Jincai;ZHAO Gerelt;WANG Haibao(College of Life Science and Technology,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,China;Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Mongolian Plateau for College and University of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot 010022,China;Ulanqab Mongolian Middle School,Ulanqab 012001,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010022 [2]内蒙古自治区高等学校蒙古高原生物多样性保护与可持续利用重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010022 [3]乌兰察布市蒙古族中学,内蒙古乌兰察布012001

出　　处：《内蒙古师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期289-297,共9页Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：内蒙古农业大学横向联合资助项目“内蒙古黄旗海湿地野生鸟类监测与调查”(2023HX038);内蒙古师范大学支持地方高校改革发展资金资助项目“学科建设”(20240101);内蒙古师范大学基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“内蒙古自治区高等学校蒙古高原生物多样性保护与可持续利用重点实验建设”(2022JBTD010)。

摘　　要：2022年7月至2023年11月,采用样线调查法对内蒙古自治区黄旗海自然保护区鸟类物种多样性及分布特点进行实地调查。共记录到18目37科111种鸟类,种类组成以雀形目、鸻形目和雁形目为主,居留型以夏候鸟和旅鸟为主。国家重点保护鸟类有22种,其中国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类有5种,国家Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类有17种。不同季节鸟类物种丰富度由高到低依次为春季(81种)、夏季(63种)、秋季(58种)、冬季(24种)。不同区域鸟类物种丰富度由高到低依次为泉玉林河庙湾子(74种)、霸王河下游(68种)、老平地泉河(44种)、霸王河入海口(37种)、黄旗海西岸(28种)、黄旗海西南岸(14种)。湖泊河流湿地的保护、盐碱草地植被的恢复及人为干扰的减少对黄旗海自然保护区鸟类多样性保护具有重要意义。The species diversity and distribution characteristics of birds in Huangqihai nature reserve of Inner Mongolia were investigated by line transect survey from July 2022 to November 2023.A total of 111 bird species belonging to 37 families in 18 orders were recorded.The species composition was dominated by Passerines,Charadriiformes and Anseriformes,and the resident type was mainly summer migrants and travelers.There were 22 species of national key protected birds,including 5 species of first-class and 17 species second-class national key protected birds.For different seasons,the species richness of bird was highest in spring(81 species),and followed by summer(63 species),autumn(58 species)and winter(24 species),respectively.For different regions,the species richness of bird was highest in the sub-transects of Miaowanzi(74 species),and follow by the lower transects of Bawang River(68 species),Laopingdi Quan River transects(44 species),Bawang River estuary transects(37 species),the west transects of Huangqihai(28 species)and the southwest transects of Huangqihai(14 species),respectively.The research suggested that the protection of lake,river and wetland,the restoration of saline grassland vegetation and the reduction of human disturbance were of great significance for the protection of bird diversity in Huangqihai Nature Reserve.

关 键 词：乌兰察布市 黄旗海 自然保护区 鸟类 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]