2005和2015年中国近海氮沉降的时空分布特征及影响因子的比较  

Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Nitrogen Deposition in Offshore China in 2005 and 2015

作　　者：张若楠 赵园红 陈优帆 王文彩 Zhang Ruonan;Zhao Yuanhong;Chen Youfan;Wang Wencai(College of Oceanic and Atmospheric,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 26100,China;Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 26100,China;Sichuan Academy of Environmental Policy and Planning,Chengdu 611731,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学物理海洋教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [3]四川省环境政策研究与规划院,四川成都611731

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第6期23-34,共12页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金项目(2022M712985);国家自然科学基金项目(41875174)资助。

摘　　要：应用GEOS-Chem模式模拟结果,对比分析了2005和2015年中国近海氮沉降的时空分布特征及引起氮沉降变化的影响因子。研究结果表明:黄渤海氮沉降总量夏季最高,月平均值为2.2×10^(-4) kg·m^(-2),冬季最低,月平均值为6×10^(-5) kg·m^(-2);东海氮沉降总量冬季最高,月平均值为1.3×10^(-4) kg·m^(-2),夏季最低,月平均值是5×10^(-5) kg·m^(-2);南海氮沉降总量秋季最高,月平均值达到了1.5×10^(-4) kg·m^(-2),夏季最低,平均值为8×10^(-5) kg·m^(-2),并且大部分区域氮湿沉降量占氮沉降总量的55%以上。与2005年相比,2015年黄渤海地区春、夏、秋季氮沉降总量的月平均值分别降低了3×10^(-5)、7×10^(-5)和2×10^(-5) kg·m^(-2)、冬季增加了4×10^(-5) kg·m^(-2);东海地区春冬季节氮沉降总量的月平均值分别降低了1×10^(-5)和3×10^(-5) kg·m^(-2),夏秋季节氮沉降总量的平均值都增加了1×10^(-5) kg·m^(-2);南海夏冬季节氮沉降总量的月平均值都增加了1×10^(-5) kg·m^(-2),春秋季节氮沉降总量的月平均值分别减少了1×10^(-5)和4×10^(-5) kg·m^(-2)。相对于2005年,同人为源排放相比,2015年中国近海气象场的变化对氮沉降总量的变化影响较大,且2015年不同气象条件的改变导致2015年中国近海氮干、湿沉降的变化不同。就氮的干沉降而言,与2005年相比,2015年黄渤海地区冬季平均风速大约降低23.9%,但异常偏南风导致来自华北平原的排放传输增多,进而导致氮干沉降增多。就氮的湿沉降而言,相比于2005年,2015年黄渤海夏季和南海秋季平均风速分别降低了38.8%和42.3%,使得黄渤海夏季和南海秋季氮总浓度分别减少了5.6和2.8 ppbv,同时降水分别减少2.4和0.9 mm,导致2015年黄渤海夏季和南海秋季氮湿沉降量降低,2015年南海冬季平均风速降低10.1%,但偏西风异常带来中南半岛的高排放使得氮总浓度增多(1.7 ppbv),同时降水增多(0.7 mm),导致南海冬季氮湿沉�Based on the results of the GEOS-Chem model,the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of nitrogen deposition and the influencing factors of nitrogen deposition in the coastal waters of China in 2005 and 2015 are compared and analyzed.The results show that the total nitrogen deposition in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea is the highest in summer(about 2.2 kg·m^(-2))and the lowest in winter(0.6 kg·m^(-2)).The total nitrogen deposition in the East China Sea is the highest(1.3 kg·m^(-2))in winter and the lowest(0.5 kg·m^(-2))in summer.The total nitrogen deposition in the South China Sea is the highest in autumn(1.5 kg·m^(-2))and the lowest in summer(0.8 kg·m^(-2))and the wet nitrogen deposition in most regions accounts for more than 55%of the total nitrogen deposition.Compared to 2005,In 2015,the total nitrogen deposition in spring,summer and autumn decreases by 0.3,0.7 and 0.2 kg·m^(-2),and increases by 0.4 kg·m^(-2) in winter.In the East China Sea,the total nitrogen deposition decreases by 0.1 and 0.3 kg·m^(-2) in spring and winter and increases by 0.1 kg·m^(-2) in summer and autumn.The total nitrogen deposition in the South China Sea increases by 0.1 kg·m^(-2) in both summer and winter and decreases by 0.1 and 0.4 kg·m^(-2) in spring and autumn.Compared with the anthropogenic source emissions in 2005,the change in the meteorological field in offshore China in 2015 has a greater impact on the change of total nitrogen deposition and the change of different meteorological conditions in 2015 results in different changes in dry and wet nitrogen deposition in offshore China in 2015.In terms of dry deposition of nitrogen,the average winter wind speed in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea area decreases by 23.9%in 2015 compared with 2005,which results in increased dry deposition of nitrogen.In terms of wet deposition of nitrogen,compared with 2005,the average wind speed over the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea in summer and the South China Sea in autumn in 2015 decreass by 38.8%and 42.3%respectively,while the p

关 键 词：中国近海 大气氮沉降 人为源排放 气象场 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]