道器之辨:中国提高国际法律话语影响力中的论辩及其超越  

Between Dao and Qi:Argumentation of China’s Enhancement of Discourse Influence in International Law and Its Transcendence

作　　者：蔡从燕 CAI Cong-yan(School of Law,Fudan University,Shanghai,200438)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学法学院

出　　处：《云南社会科学》2024年第3期50-58,共9页Social Sciences in Yunnan

摘　　要：晚近“话语权”表述的出现与流行适应了中国政府在国家实力不断增强背景下调整对外关系政策的需要。不过,这一表述的妥当性值得商榷,从国际法角度看更是如此。提高中国国际话语权的实质是中国寻求提高特定话语的国际影响力。中国提高国际法律话语影响力对于维护中国国家利益、建设更加公正合理的国际法律秩序都是有益的。考虑到国际法的特殊性以及中国国际法实践的特征,论辩理论可以为中国在提高国际法律话语影响力方面提供重要的方法指引。不过,既有论辩理论主要关注论辩对于实现论辩一方之目标的工具性功能而不考虑论辩可能的消极影响,这使得论辩本质上属于一种“器”。作为负责任的发展中国家,中国一方面应当从“器”的层面重视论辩,即通过论辩提高中国国际法律话语影响力,维护国家利益;另一方面,应当从“道”的层面理解或超越论辩,即中国提高中国国际法律话语影响力不只是为了维护中国国家利益,也是服务于推动构建人类命运共同体和建设更加公正合理的国际法律秩序;同时,在强化论辩的同时,应当采取切实的行动。The recent emergence and popularity of the term“discourse power”have adapted to the needs of the Chinese government to adjust its foreign relations policies with the continuously increasing national strength.However,the appropriateness of the term is open to debate,especially from the perspective of international law.The essence of enhancing China’s international discourse power lies in China’s pursuit of increasing the international influence of specific discourses.The efforts to enhance the influence of discourse in relation to international law are beneficial for safeguarding Chinese state interest and building a more just and reasonable international order.Considering the inherent characteristics of international law and Chinese international legal practice,discourse theory can provide important methodology for Chinese in enhancing its international legal discourse power.However,existing discourse theories primarily focus on the instrumental function of achieving the goals of the purposes of one party without considering the potential impacts of discourse,thus rendering discourse essentially as“Qi”(tangible instruments).As a responsible developing country,China should,on the one hand,prioritize discourse treat at the level of“Qi”,that is,by enhancing China’s international legal discourse power through discourse to safeguard national interests.On the other hand,it should understand or transcend discourse at the level of“Dao”(intangible ways),meaning that China’s enhancement of its international legal discourse power is not only to safeguard its national interests but also to serve the promotion of building a community with a shared future for mankind and constructing a more just and reasonable international legal order.At the same time,concrete actions should be taken while strengthening discourse.

关 键 词：国际法 话语权 影响力 论辩 行动 

分 类 号：D99[政治法律—国际法学]