轧机主传动万向接轴及其关键件有限元分析  

Finite Element Analysis of the Main Drive Universal Joint Shaft and Its Key Components in Rolling Mill

作　　者：刘晓雯[1] 王会刚[1] 刘秉 杨相彬 高军霞[1] LIU Xiaowen;WANG Huigang;LIU Bing;YANG Xiangbin;GAO Junxia(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Tangshan University,Tangshan 063000,China;Hebei Fuande Automation Technology Co.,Ltd.,Tangshan 063000,China)

机构地区：[1]唐山学院机电工程学院,河北唐山063000 [2]河北孚安德自动化科技有限公司,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《唐山学院学报》2024年第3期8-12,共5页Journal of Tangshan University

基　　金：河北省高层次人才资助项目(C20231130);唐山市科技计划项目(22130211G);河北省科技特派员服务项目(1302414)。

摘　　要：通过对轧机主传动系统中的关键件——叉头进行三维建模及力学特性分析,发现危险截面出现在叉头顶部即与十字轴相连接的孔面上。以叉头顶部距叉头底面距离和孔面半径为优化所需的设计变量,以最大等效应力为目标函数进行优化设计,得到叉头最佳设计方案。叉头优化设计后所受最大等效应力相比优化前降低了37%。又因在轧机主传动系统中,万向接轴直接受尖峰扭振影响,最为薄弱,故根据优化后的叉头建立万向接轴的有限元模型并对其固有特性进行分析,得到万向接轴的共振点在100 Hz附近,此时的第一阶扭振在传动系统中的破坏性大,因此,轧机工作环境要避免或减少该频率附近的振动,以免共振时峰值扭矩突然增大,造成接轴及其关键零件破坏。Through 3D modeling and mechanical property analysis of the key component(yoke)in the main drive system of the rolling mill,it is found that the critical section appears on the top of the yoke,where it connects with the cross shaft.With the distance from the top of the yoke to the bottom and the radius of the hole surface taken as the design variables for optimization,and the maximum equivalent stress taken as the objective function for optimization design,the optimal design scheme for the yoke has been obtained.The maximum equivalent stress of the yoke after optimization design is reduced by 37%compared with that before optimization.Moreover,in the main drive system of the rolling mill,the universal joint shaft is the most vulnerable part since it is directly affected by peak torque vibration.As a result,a finite element model of the universal joint shaft is established based on the optimized yoke,and its inherent characteristics are analyzed.The resonance point of the universal joint shaft is found to be around 100 Hz,at which the first-order torsional vibration is the most destructive in the transmission system.Therefore,in the working environment of the rolling mill,vibrations near this frequency should be avoided or reduced to prevent sudden increases in peak torque during resonance,which could cause damage to the universal joint shaft and its key components.

关 键 词：轧机 万向接轴 叉头 有限元 优化 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG333.52[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]