基于电磁铁复合线圈的磁浮车悬浮间隙检测方法  

Method of levitation gap detection for maglev train based on electromagnet with a composite coil

作　　者：靖永志[1,2,3] 刘沁宇 贾兴科 倪胜 杨亮涛 Jing Yongzhi;Liu Qinyu;Jia Xingke;Ni Sheng;Yang Liangtao(Key Laboratory of Maglev Technology and Maglev Train,Ministry of Education,Chengdu 611756,China;College of Electrical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 611756,China;Tangshan Institute,Southwest Jiaotong University,Tangshan 063000,China)

机构地区：[1]磁浮技术与磁浮列车教育部重点实验室,成都611756 [2]西南交通大学电气工程学院,成都611756 [3]西南交通大学唐山研究院,唐山063000

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2024年第3期35-44,共10页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

摘　　要：针对传统电涡流传感器体积大、无法直接测量真实电磁间隙等问题,提出了一种基于电磁铁复合线圈的磁浮车悬浮间隙检测方法。首先,分析了悬浮系统等效电磁间隙检测原理,针对电磁铁和F轨表面高频涡流对复合线圈磁场耦合作用建立了复合线圈等效阻抗模型。其次,通过有限元仿真优化了复合线圈激励频率和复合线圈间隙检测系统结构以提高检测灵敏度,设计了谐振检测电路和信号解调电路有效抑制了悬浮系统与间隙检测系统之间的串扰。最后,进行了静态性能测试和悬浮实验,校正后的线性度为0.4%,恒定间隙时静态输出最大波动峰峰值为89μm,悬浮系统能够在给定间隙、阶跃扰动和偏移扰动的不同工况下稳定悬浮。实验结果表明,间隙检测的响应速度和检测误差均满足系统要求。To address the problems of large volume,inconvenient to directly measure the real electromagnetic gap of traditional eddy current sensors,a method of levitation gap detection for maglev train based on electromagnet with a composite coil is proposed.Firstly,the equivalent electromagnetic gap detection principle for the levitation system is analyzed,and the equivalent impedance model of the composite coil is formulated for the coupling effect of electromagnet and high-frequency eddy currents in the surface of the F-rail on the magnetic field of the composite coil.Secondly,the excitation frequency and the structure of the levitation system based on the gap detection of the composite coil are optimized through finite element simulation to improve the detection sensitivity.The resonant detection circuit and signal demodulation circuit are designed to effectively suppress the crosstalk between the levitation system and the gap detection system.Finally,the static performance test and levitation experiment are carried out,the linearity is 0.4%after correction,the maximum fluctuation peak-to-peak value of the static output is 89μm at constant gaps,the suspension system is capable of stabilizing the suspension under different operating conditions for a given gap,step disturbance and offset disturbance.The experimental results show that the response speed and detection error of gap detection meet the system requirements.

关 键 词：磁浮车 电磁铁 复合线圈 间隙检测 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TH702[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]