光伏组件雷电冲击损伤特性实验研究  

Experimental Study on Lightning Impact Damage Characteristics of Photovoltaic Modules

作　　者：刘璇 黄彬[3] 臧秋莉 李祥德 许万红 毕晓蕾 张英杰 Liu Xuan;Huang Bin;Zang Qiuli;Li Xiangde;Xu Wanhong;Bi Xiaolei;Zhang Yingjie(State Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety,Shandong,Qingdao,266104;SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Shandong,Qingdao,266104;SINOPEC Sales Co.,Ltd.,Guangdong Petroleum Company,Guangdong,Guangzhou,510000)

机构地区：[1]化学品安全全国重点实验室,山东青岛266104 [2]中石化安全工程研究院有限公司,山东青岛266104 [3]中国石化销售股份有限公司广东石油分公司,广东广州510000

出　　处：《安全、健康和环境》2024年第5期18-22,共5页Safety Health & Environment

基　　金：中国石化科技部项目(322397);分布式光伏电站雷击损伤机理及综合防雷技术研究。

摘　　要：采用高电压及大电流冲击模拟实验,对光伏组件雷击损伤特性进行了分析,获取了雷击对光伏组件的损伤形貌、雷电路径、损伤阈值、电学特性变化等关键损伤特征。研究结果表明:在自然界雷电情况下,多数为光伏边框或支架接闪,20 kA的雷电流即可引起边框烧蚀;雷击会影响组件的功能和寿命,随着雷电冲击电压的增大,最大输出功率逐渐减小,冲击电压为300 kV时,最大输出功率变化率达到10.02%。基于雷击损伤实验模拟结果,可以为光伏系统的雷击防护提供数据支撑和参考依据。By using high voltage and high current impact simulation experiments,the lightning damage characteristics of photovoltaic modules were analyzed,and the key damage characteristics such as the damage morphology,lightning path,damage threshold and the change of electrical characteristics were obtained.The results showed that in the case of natural lightning,most of the photovoltaic frame or bracket was connected with lightning,and the lightning current of 20 kA can cause the border ablation.Lightning will affect the function and life of the component.With the increase of lightning impulse voltage,the maximum output power gradually decreased.When the impulse voltage was 300 kV,the maximum output power change rate reached 10.02%.Based on the simulation results of lightning damage experiment,it can provide data support and reference for lightning protection of photovoltaic system.

关 键 词：光伏发电系统 雷击损伤 光伏组件 雷电流分量 烧蚀损伤 雷击防护 

分 类 号：TM83[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]