智慧园区无线传感网络能量均衡覆盖优化系统  

Smart park wireless sensor network energy balance coverage optimization system

作　　者：艾雪瑞 许放 曹瑾 刘琦 赵楠 AI Xuerui;XU Fang;CAO Jin;LIU Qi;ZHAO Nan(Beijing FibrLink Communications Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100070,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中电飞华通信有限公司,北京100070

出　　处：《电子设计工程》2024年第11期110-114,共5页Electronic Design Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61302074)。

摘　　要：针对传统LEACH协议存在数据传输效率较低以及节点能量分布不均的缺陷,文中从功耗和效率层面出发,提出了一种无线传感网络能量均衡覆盖优化系统。对于节点能量分布不均的问题,设计了由剩余能量因子与距离因子所组成的系统权重因子,并根据该因子及竞争半径来选择簇头。同时基于遗传算法提出了一种单链多跳路由协议,进而提升了系统的功耗水平,解决了数据传输效率偏低的问题。以某智慧园区为模型进行的实验测试结果表明,所设计系统的存活节点个数、系统剩余能量以及数据包接收数量这三个指标均大幅领先,充分说明了改进后的算法能够有效减少系统的能量损耗并提升节点的利用率,使其可以存活至1200轮,从而延长整个WSN系统的运行周期。Aiming at the disadvantages of low data transmission efficiency and uneven energy distribution of nodes in traditional LEACH protocol,this paper proposes an energy balanced coverage optimization system for wireless sensor networks from the perspective of power consumption and efficiency.For the problem of uneven energy distribution of nodes,a system weight factor composed of residual energy factor and distance factor is designed,and cluster heads are selected according to the weight factor and competition radius.At the same time,a single⁃link multi⁃hop routing protocol based on Genetic Algorithm is proposed,which improves the power consumption of the system and solves the problem of low data transmission efficiency.The experimental results of a smart park model show that the number of surviving nodes,the system’s remaining capacity and the number of data packets received are all significantly ahead,which fully demonstrates that the improved algorithm can effectively reduce the system’s energy consumption,improve the node utilization,and the node can survive to 1200 rounds,thus extending the operation cycle of the entire WSN system.

关 键 词：无线传感网络 动态簇头选择 遗传算法 能量均衡覆盖 多跳路由协议 通信系统优化 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] TN929.5[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]