犊牛布鲁氏菌病疫苗首免时间探讨  

Study on the First Immunization Time of Calf Brucellosis Vaccine

作　　者：吴庆 李怡 林为民 侯宇成 史文军 WU Qing;LI Yi;LIN Wei-min;HOU Yu-cheng;SHI Wen-jun(Agricultural Development Service Center of the 134rd Regiment of the 1st 8th Division,Shihezi 832000;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Workstation of the 8th Division of Xinjiang Corps,Shihezi 832000)

机构地区：[1]新疆兵团第八师134团农业发展服务中心,石河子832000 [2]新疆兵团第八师畜牧兽医工作站,石河子832000

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2024年第5期34-37,共4页China Dairy Cattle

基　　金：兵团重大科技项目《乳肉牛融合发展绿色养殖技术集成与示范》(2021AA004)。

摘　　要：本文旨在探讨犊牛布鲁氏菌病活疫苗(A19株)的首免时间,了解其体液免疫应答抗体消长规律,以期制定本地区布鲁氏菌病活疫苗免疫程序。选择新疆10个规模奶牛场(成年奶牛700头以上)的1~12日龄试验犊牛1306头,不间断试验至12月龄;观察疫苗免疫前后牛的健康状况、实际操作中主要免疫牛群的集中度,并监测免疫前犊牛母源抗体消长及不同月龄免疫后抗体消长规律;并结合多年临床操作实践(便于工作操作而主要选择的免疫时间点、环境气候)及性器官成熟期前、产犊时间、犊牛数量、人员安排等情况进行总结分析。结果显示,免疫后犊牛是安全的;免疫前犊牛母源抗体在5月龄时已近为零,3~5月龄免疫的牛体液免疫应答更强。因此建议布鲁氏菌病活疫苗(A19株)犊牛首免时间选择在3~5月龄为宜。To investigate the first immunization time of live calf brucellosis vaccine(A19 strain)and to understand the fluctuation rule of humoral immune response antibody,so as to develop the immunization program of live calf brucellosis vaccine in this area,a total of 1306 calves from 1 to 12 days of age were selected from 10 local largescale dairy farms(more than 700 adult dairy cows),and were continuously tested until 12 months of age.The health status of cattle before and after immunization was observed,the concentration of main immunized cattle in practice,the fluctuation of calf maternal proto-antibody before immunization and the fluctuation of antibody after immunization at different months were monitored.Combined with many years of clinical operation practice(mainly selected immune time point,environment and climate for easy operation),sexual organs before maturity,calving time,number of calves,personnel arrangement and other situations were summarized and analyzed.The calves were safe after immunization.In practice,the immunized calves mainly concentrated in 3~5 months of age.Before immunization,the maternal proto-antibody of calves was nearly zero at 5 months of age,and the humoral immune response was stronger at 3 to 5 months of age.It is recommended that the first free time of calves should be 3 to 5 months old.

关 键 词：犊牛 布鲁氏菌病疫苗 安全 体液免疫 首免时间 探讨 

分 类 号：S858.23[农业科学—临床兽医学]